import base64
import binascii
import collections
import datetime as dt
import functools
import itertools
import math
import random
import re
import sys
import threading
import time
import urllib.parse

from ._base import (
    INNERTUBE_CLIENTS,
    BadgeType,
    GvsPoTokenPolicy,
    PlayerPoTokenPolicy,
    StreamingProtocol,
    YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor,
    _PoTokenContext,
    _split_innertube_client,
    short_client_name,
)
from .jsc._builtin.ejs import _EJS_WIKI_URL
from .jsc._director import initialize_jsc_director
from .jsc.provider import JsChallengeRequest, JsChallengeType, NChallengeInput, SigChallengeInput
from .pot._director import initialize_pot_director
from .pot.provider import PoTokenContext, PoTokenRequest
from ...networking.exceptions import HTTPError
from ...utils import (
    NO_DEFAULT,
    ExtractorError,
    LazyList,
    bug_reports_message,
    clean_html,
    datetime_from_str,
    filesize_from_tbr,
    float_or_none,
    format_field,
    get_first,
    int_or_none,
    join_nonempty,
    mimetype2ext,
    orderedSet,
    parse_codecs,
    parse_count,
    parse_duration,
    parse_iso8601,
    parse_qs,
    qualities,
    remove_end,
    remove_start,
    smuggle_url,
    str_or_none,
    str_to_int,
    strftime_or_none,
    traverse_obj,
    try_call,
    try_get,
    unescapeHTML,
    unified_strdate,
    unsmuggle_url,
    update_url,
    update_url_query,
    url_or_none,
    urljoin,
    variadic,
)
from ...utils.networking import clean_headers, clean_proxies, select_proxy

STREAMING_DATA_CLIENT_NAME = '__yt_dlp_client'
STREAMING_DATA_FETCH_SUBS_PO_TOKEN = '__yt_dlp_fetch_subs_po_token'
STREAMING_DATA_FETCH_GVS_PO_TOKEN = '__yt_dlp_fetch_gvs_po_token'
STREAMING_DATA_PLAYER_TOKEN_PROVIDED = '__yt_dlp_player_token_provided'
STREAMING_DATA_INNERTUBE_CONTEXT = '__yt_dlp_innertube_context'
STREAMING_DATA_IS_PREMIUM_SUBSCRIBER = '__yt_dlp_is_premium_subscriber'
STREAMING_DATA_AVAILABLE_AT_TIMESTAMP = '__yt_dlp_available_at_timestamp'

PO_TOKEN_GUIDE_URL = 'https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/wiki/PO-Token-Guide'


class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
    IE_DESC = 'YouTube'
    _VALID_URL = r'''(?x)^
                     (
                         (?:https?://|//)                                    # http(s):// or protocol-independent URL
                         (?:(?:(?:(?:\w+\.)?[yY][oO][uU][tT][uU][bB][eE](?:-nocookie|kids)?\.com|
                            (?:www\.)?deturl\.com/www\.youtube\.com|
                            (?:www\.)?pwnyoutube\.com|
                            (?:www\.)?hooktube\.com|
                            (?:www\.)?yourepeat\.com|
                            tube\.majestyc\.net|
                            {invidious}|
                            youtube\.googleapis\.com)/                        # the various hostnames, with wildcard subdomains
                         (?:.*?\#/)?                                          # handle anchor (#/) redirect urls
                         (?:                                                  # the various things that can precede the ID:
                             (?:(?:v|embed|e|shorts|live)/(?!videoseries|live_stream))  # v/ or embed/ or e/ or shorts/
                             |(?:                                             # or the v= param in all its forms
                                 (?:(?:watch|movie)(?:_popup)?(?:\.php)?/?)?  # preceding watch(_popup|.php) or nothing (like /?v=xxxx)
                                 (?:\?|\#!?)                                  # the params delimiter ? or # or #!
                                 (?:.*?[&;])??                                # any other preceding param (like /?s=tuff&v=xxxx or ?s=tuff&amp;v=V36LpHqtcDY)
                                 v=
                             )
                         ))
                         |(?:
                            youtu\.be|                                        # just youtu.be/xxxx
                            vid\.plus|                                        # or vid.plus/xxxx
                            zwearz\.com/watch|                                # or zwearz.com/watch/xxxx
                            {invidious}
                         )/
                         |(?:www\.)?cleanvideosearch\.com/media/action/yt/watch\?videoId=
                         )
                     )?                                                       # all until now is optional -> you can pass the naked ID
                     (?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]{{11}})                              # here is it! the YouTube video ID
                     (?(1).+)?                                                # if we found the ID, everything can follow
                     (?:\#|$)'''.format(
        invidious='|'.join(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor._INVIDIOUS_SITES),
    )
    _EMBED_REGEX = [
        r'''(?x)
            (?:
                <(?:[0-9A-Za-z-]+?)?iframe[^>]+?src=|
                data-video-url=|
                <embed[^>]+?src=|
                embedSWF\(?:\s*|
                <object[^>]+data=|
                new\s+SWFObject\(
            )
            (["\'])
                (?P<url>(?:https?:)?//(?:www\.)?youtube(?:-nocookie)?\.com/
                (?:embed|v|p)/[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11}.*?)
            \1''',
        # https://wordpress.org/plugins/lazy-load-for-videos/
        r'''(?xs)
            <a\s[^>]*\bhref="(?P<url>https://www\.youtube\.com/watch\?v=[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})"
            \s[^>]*\bclass="[^"]*\blazy-load-youtube''',
    ]
    _RETURN_TYPE = 'video'  # XXX: How to handle multifeed?

    _PLAYER_INFO_RE = (
        r'/s/player/(?P<id>[a-zA-Z0-9_-]{8,})/(?:tv-)?player',
        r'/(?P<id>[a-zA-Z0-9_-]{8,})/player(?:_ias\.vflset(?:/[a-zA-Z]{2,3}_[a-zA-Z]{2,3})?|-plasma-ias-(?:phone|tablet)-[a-z]{2}_[A-Z]{2}\.vflset)/base\.js$',
        r'\b(?P<id>vfl[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+)\b.*?\.js$',
    )
    _SUBTITLE_FORMATS = ('json3', 'srv1', 'srv2', 'srv3', 'ttml', 'srt', 'vtt')
    _DEFAULT_CLIENTS = ('android_vr', 'web', 'web_safari')
    _DEFAULT_JSLESS_CLIENTS = ('android_vr',)
    _DEFAULT_AUTHED_CLIENTS = ('tv_downgraded', 'web', 'web_safari')
    # Premium does not require POT (except for subtitles)
    _DEFAULT_PREMIUM_CLIENTS = ('tv_downgraded', 'web_creator', 'web')

    _GEO_BYPASS = False

    IE_NAME = 'youtube'
    _TESTS = [{
        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc&t=1s&end=9',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': 'BaW_jenozKc',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': 'youtube-dl test video "\'/\\ä↭𝕐',
            'age_limit': 0,
            'availability': 'public',
            'categories': ['Science & Technology'],
            'channel': 'Philipp Hagemeister',
            'channel_follower_count': int,
            'channel_id': 'UCLqxVugv74EIW3VWh2NOa3Q',
            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCLqxVugv74EIW3VWh2NOa3Q',
            'comment_count': int,
            'description': 'md5:8fb536f4877b8a7455c2ec23794dbc22',
            'duration': 10,
            'end_time': 9,
            'heatmap': 'count:100',
            'like_count': int,
            'live_status': 'not_live',
            'playable_in_embed': True,
            'start_time': 1,
            'tags': 'count:1',
            'thumbnail': r're:https?://i\.ytimg\.com/.+',
            'timestamp': 1349198244,
            'upload_date': '20121002',
            'uploader': 'Philipp Hagemeister',
            'uploader_id': '@PhilippHagemeister',
            'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/@PhilippHagemeister',
            'view_count': int,
        },
        'skip': 'Video unavailable',
    }, {
        'note': 'Embed-only video (#1746)',
        'url': '//www.YouTube.com/watch?v=yZIXLfi8CZQ',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': 'yZIXLfi8CZQ',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': 'Principal Sexually Assaults A Teacher - Episode 117 - 8th June 2012',
            'age_limit': 18,
            'description': 'md5:09b78bd971f1e3e289601dfba15ca4f7',
            'upload_date': '20120608',
        },
        'skip': 'Private video',
    }, {
        'note': 'Use the first video ID in the URL',
        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc&v=yZIXLfi8CZQ',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': 'BaW_jenozKc',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': 'youtube-dl test video "\'/\\ä↭𝕐',
            'age_limit': 0,
            'availability': 'public',
            'categories': ['Science & Technology'],
            'channel': 'Philipp Hagemeister',
            'channel_follower_count': int,
            'channel_id': 'UCLqxVugv74EIW3VWh2NOa3Q',
            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCLqxVugv74EIW3VWh2NOa3Q',
            'comment_count': int,
            'description': 'md5:8fb536f4877b8a7455c2ec23794dbc22',
            'duration': 10,
            'heatmap': 'count:100',
            'like_count': int,
            'live_status': 'not_live',
            'playable_in_embed': True,
            'tags': 'count:1',
            'thumbnail': r're:https?://i\.ytimg\.com/.+',
            'timestamp': 1349198244,
            'upload_date': '20121002',
            'uploader': 'Philipp Hagemeister',
            'uploader_id': '@PhilippHagemeister',
            'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/@PhilippHagemeister',
            'view_count': int,
        },
        'skip': 'Video unavailable',
    }, {
        'note': '256k DASH audio (format 141) via DASH manifest',
        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a9LDPn-MO4I',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': 'a9LDPn-MO4I',
            'ext': 'm4a',
            'title': 'UHDTV TEST 8K VIDEO.mp4',
            'age_limit': 0,
            'availability': 'public',
            'categories': ['Science & Technology'],
            'channel': '8KVIDEO',
            'channel_follower_count': int,
            'channel_id': 'UC8cn-cnCZ2FnxmjfkoLGpsQ',
            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC8cn-cnCZ2FnxmjfkoLGpsQ',
            'comment_count': int,
            'description': '',
            'duration': 60,
            'like_count': int,
            'live_status': 'not_live',
            'media_type': 'video',
            'playable_in_embed': True,
            'tags': 'count:8',
            'thumbnail': r're:https?://i\.ytimg\.com/.+',
            'timestamp': 1349185252,
            'upload_date': '20121002',
            'uploader': '8KVIDEO',
            'uploader_id': '@8KVIDEO',
            'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/@8KVIDEO',
            'view_count': int,
        },
        'params': {
            'format': '141',
            'skip_download': True,
            'youtube_include_dash_manifest': True,
        },
        'skip': 'format 141 not served anymore',
    }, {
        # DASH manifest with encrypted signature
        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IB3lcPjvWLA',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': 'IB3lcPjvWLA',
            'ext': 'm4a',
            'title': 'Afrojack, Spree Wilson - The Spark (Official Music Video) ft. Spree Wilson',
            'age_limit': 0,
            'availability': 'public',
            'categories': ['Music'],
            'channel': 'Afrojack',
            'channel_follower_count': int,
            'channel_id': 'UChuZAo1RKL85gev3Eal9_zg',
            'channel_is_verified': True,
            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UChuZAo1RKL85gev3Eal9_zg',
            'comment_count': int,
            'description': 'md5:8f5e2b82460520b619ccac1f509d43bf',
            'duration': 244,
            'heatmap': 'count:100',
            'like_count': int,
            'live_status': 'not_live',
            'media_type': 'video',
            'playable_in_embed': True,
            'tags': 'count:19',
            'thumbnail': r're:https?://i\.ytimg\.com/.+',
            'timestamp': 1381496404,
            'upload_date': '20131011',
            'uploader': 'Afrojack',
            'uploader_id': '@AfrojackVEVO',
            'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/@AfrojackVEVO',
            'view_count': int,
        },
        'params': {
            'format': '141/bestaudio[ext=m4a]',
            'skip_download': True,
            'youtube_include_dash_manifest': True,
        },
    }, {
        # Age-gated video
        # https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/pull/575#issuecomment-888837000
        'note': 'Embed allowed age-gated video; works with web_embedded',
        'url': 'https://youtube.com/watch?v=HtVdAasjOgU',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': 'HtVdAasjOgU',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': 'The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt - The Sword Of Destiny Trailer',
            'age_limit': 18,
            'availability': 'needs_auth',
            'categories': ['Gaming'],
            'channel': 'The Witcher',
            'channel_follower_count': int,
            'channel_id': 'UCzybXLxv08IApdjdN0mJhEg',
            'channel_is_verified': True,
            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCzybXLxv08IApdjdN0mJhEg',
            'comment_count': int,
            'description': 'md5:595a43060c51c2a8cb61dd33c18e5fbd',
            'duration': 142,
            'heatmap': 'count:100',
            'like_count': int,
            'live_status': 'not_live',
            'media_type': 'video',
            'playable_in_embed': True,
            'tags': 'count:17',
            'thumbnail': r're:https?://i\.ytimg\.com/.+',
            'timestamp': 1401991663,
            'upload_date': '20140605',
            'uploader': 'The Witcher',
            'uploader_id': '@thewitcher',
            'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/@thewitcher',
            'view_count': int,
        },
        'params': {'skip_download': True},
        'skip': 'Age-restricted; requires authentication',
    }, {
        'note': 'Formerly an age-gated video with embed allowed in public site',
        'url': 'https://youtube.com/watch?v=HsUATh_Nc2U',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': 'HsUATh_Nc2U',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': 'Godzilla 2 (Official Video)',
            'age_limit': 0,
            'availability': 'public',
            'categories': ['Entertainment'],
            'channel': 'FlyingKitty',
            'channel_follower_count': int,
            'channel_id': 'UCYQT13AtrJC0gsM1far_zJg',
            'channel_is_verified': True,
            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCYQT13AtrJC0gsM1far_zJg',
            'comment_count': int,
            'description': 'md5:bf77e03fcae5529475e500129b05668a',
            'duration': 177,
            'heatmap': 'count:100',
            'like_count': int,
            'live_status': 'not_live',
            'media_type': 'video',
            'playable_in_embed': True,
            'tags': 'count:2',
            'thumbnail': r're:https?://i\.ytimg\.com/.+',
            'timestamp': 1586358900,
            'upload_date': '20200408',
            'uploader': 'FlyingKitty',
            'uploader_id': '@FlyingKitty900',
            'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/@FlyingKitty900',
            'view_count': int,
        },
        'params': {'skip_download': True},
    }, {
        'note': 'Age-gated video embedable only with clientScreen=EMBED',
        'url': 'https://youtube.com/watch?v=Tq92D6wQ1mg',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': 'Tq92D6wQ1mg',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': '[MMD] Adios - EVERGLOW [+Motion DL]',
            'age_limit': 18,
            'availability': 'needs_auth',
            'categories': ['Entertainment'],
            'channel': 'Projekt Melody',
            'channel_follower_count': int,
            'channel_id': 'UC1yoRdFoFJaCY-AGfD9W0wQ',
            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC1yoRdFoFJaCY-AGfD9W0wQ',
            'comment_count': int,
            'description': 'md5:17eccca93a786d51bc67646756894066',
            'duration': 106,
            'like_count': int,
            'live_status': 'not_live',
            'media_type': 'video',
            'playable_in_embed': True,
            'tags': 'count:5',
            'thumbnail': r're:https?://i\.ytimg\.com/.+',
            'timestamp': 1577508724,
            'upload_date': '20191228',
            'uploader': 'Projekt Melody',
            'uploader_id': '@ProjektMelody',
            'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/@ProjektMelody',
            'view_count': int,
        },
        'skip': 'Age-restricted; requires authentication',
    }, {
        'note': 'Non-age-gated non-embeddable video',
        'url': 'https://youtube.com/watch?v=MeJVWBSsPAY',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': 'MeJVWBSsPAY',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': 'OOMPH! - Such Mich Find Mich (Lyrics)',
            'age_limit': 0,
            'availability': 'public',
            'categories': ['Music'],
            'channel': 'Herr Lurik',
            'channel_follower_count': int,
            'channel_id': 'UCdR3RSDPqub28LjZx0v9-aA',
            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCdR3RSDPqub28LjZx0v9-aA',
            'description': 'md5:205c1049102a4dffa61e4831c1f16851',
            'duration': 210,
            'like_count': int,
            'live_status': 'not_live',
            'media_type': 'video',
            'playable_in_embed': False,
            'tags': 'count:5',
            'thumbnail': r're:https?://i\.ytimg\.com/.+',
            'timestamp': 1375214517,
            'upload_date': '20130730',
            'uploader': 'Herr Lurik',
            'uploader_id': '@HerrLurik',
            'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/@HerrLurik',
            'view_count': int,
        },
    }, {
        'note': 'Non-bypassable age-gated video',
        'url': 'https://youtube.com/watch?v=Cr381pDsSsA',
        'only_matching': True,
    }, {
        # video_info is None
        # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/4421
        # YouTube Red ad is not captured for creator
        'url': '__2ABJjxzNo',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': '__2ABJjxzNo',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': 'Deadmau5 - Some Chords (HD)',
            'age_limit': 0,
            'availability': 'public',
            'categories': ['Music'],
            'channel': 'deadmau5',
            'channel_follower_count': int,
            'channel_id': 'UCYEK6xds6eo-3tr4xRdflmQ',
            'channel_is_verified': True,
            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCYEK6xds6eo-3tr4xRdflmQ',
            'comment_count': int,
            'description': 'md5:c27e1e9e095a3d9dd99de2f0f377ba06',
            'duration': 266,
            'heatmap': 'count:100',
            'like_count': int,
            'live_status': 'not_live',
            'media_type': 'video',
            'playable_in_embed': True,
            'tags': 'count:14',
            'thumbnail': r're:https?://i\.ytimg\.com/.+',
            'timestamp': 1272659179,
            'upload_date': '20100430',
            'uploader': 'deadmau5',
            'uploader_id': '@deadmau5',
            'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/@deadmau5',
            'view_count': int,
        },
        'expected_warnings': ['DASH manifest missing'],
        'params': {'skip_download': True},
    }, {
        # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/4431
        'url': 'lqQg6PlCWgI',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': 'lqQg6PlCWgI',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': 'Hockey - Women -  GER-AUS - London 2012 Olympic Games',
            'age_limit': 0,
            'availability': 'public',
            'categories': ['Sports'],
            'channel': 'Olympics',
            'channel_follower_count': int,
            'channel_id': 'UCTl3QQTvqHFjurroKxexy2Q',
            'channel_is_verified': True,
            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCTl3QQTvqHFjurroKxexy2Q',
            'description': 'md5:04bbbf3ccceb6795947572ca36f45904',
            'duration': 6085,
            'like_count': int,
            'live_status': 'was_live',
            'media_type': 'livestream',
            'playable_in_embed': True,
            'release_date': '20120731',
            'release_timestamp': 1343767800,
            'tags': 'count:10',
            'thumbnail': r're:https?://i\.ytimg\.com/.+',
            'timestamp': 1440707674,
            'upload_date': '20150827',
            'uploader': 'Olympics',
            'uploader_id': '@Olympics',
            'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/@Olympics',
            'view_count': int,
        },
        'params': {'skip_download': True},
    }, {
        # Non-square pixels
        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_b-2C3KPAM0',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': '_b-2C3KPAM0',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': '[A-made] 變態妍字幕版 太妍 我就是這樣的人',
            'age_limit': 0,
            'availability': 'unlisted',
            'categories': ['People & Blogs'],
            'channel': '孫ᄋᄅ',
            'channel_follower_count': int,
            'channel_id': 'UCS-xxCmRaA6BFdmgDPA_BIw',
            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCS-xxCmRaA6BFdmgDPA_BIw',
            'comment_count': int,
            'description': 'md5:636f03cf211e7687daffe5bded88a94f',
            'duration': 85,
            'like_count': int,
            'live_status': 'not_live',
            'media_type': 'video',
            'playable_in_embed': True,
            'stretched_ratio': 16 / 9.,
            'tags': 'count:11',
            'thumbnail': r're:https?://i\.ytimg\.com/.+',
            'timestamp': 1299776999,
            'upload_date': '20110310',
            'uploader': '孫ᄋᄅ',
            'uploader_id': '@AllenMeow',
            'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/@AllenMeow',
            'view_count': int,
        },
        'params': {'skip_download': True},
    }, {
        # url_encoded_fmt_stream_map is empty string (deprecated)
        # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/commit/3a9fadd6dfc127ed0707b218b11ac10c654af1e2
        # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/commit/67299f23d8b1894120e875edf97440de87e22308
        'url': 'qEJwOuvDf7I',
        'only_matching': True,
    }, {
        # Extraction from multiple DASH manifests
        # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/pull/6097
        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FIl7x6_3R5Y',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': 'FIl7x6_3R5Y',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': '[60fps] 150614  마마무 솔라 \'Mr. 애매모호\' 라이브 직캠 @대학로 게릴라 콘서트',
            'age_limit': 0,
            'availability': 'public',
            'categories': ['People & Blogs'],
            'channel': 'dorappi2000',
            'channel_follower_count': int,
            'channel_id': 'UCNlmrKRHLHcd2gq6LtPOTlQ',
            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCNlmrKRHLHcd2gq6LtPOTlQ',
            'description': 'md5:116377fd2963b81ec4ce64b542173306',
            'duration': 220,
            'like_count': int,
            'live_status': 'not_live',
            'media_type': 'video',
            'playable_in_embed': True,
            'tags': 'count:12',
            'thumbnail': r're:https?://i\.ytimg\.com/.+',
            'timestamp': 1435276932,
            'upload_date': '20150626',
            'uploader': 'dorappi2000',
            'uploader_id': '@dorappi2000',
            'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/@dorappi2000',
            'view_count': int,
        },
        'params': {'skip_download': True},
    }, {
        # DASH manifest with segment_list
        # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/pull/5886
        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/embed/CsmdDsKjzN8',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': 'CsmdDsKjzN8',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': 'Retransmisión XVIII Media maratón Zaragoza 2015',
            'age_limit': 0,
            'availability': 'unlisted',
            'categories': ['Sports'],
            'channel': 'Airtek | LED streaming',
            'channel_follower_count': int,
            'channel_id': 'UCzTzUmjXxxacNnL8I3m4LnQ',
            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCzTzUmjXxxacNnL8I3m4LnQ',
            'comment_count': int,
            'description': 'md5:fcac84e6c545114766f670236fc10196',
            'duration': 4394,
            'like_count': int,
            'live_status': 'was_live',
            'media_type': 'livestream',
            'playable_in_embed': True,
            'release_date': '20150510',
            'release_timestamp': 1431241011,
            'tags': 'count:31',
            'thumbnail': r're:https?://i\.ytimg\.com/.+',
            'timestamp': 1430505417,
            'upload_date': '20150501',
            'uploader': 'Airtek | LED streaming',
            'uploader_id': '@airtekledstreaming7916',
            'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/@airtekledstreaming7916',
            'view_count': int,
        },
        'params': {
            'format': '135',  # bestvideo
            'skip_download': True,
            'youtube_include_dash_manifest': True,
        },
    }, {
        # Multi-camera events (deprecated)
        # https://web.archive.org/web/20200308092705/https://support.google.com/youtube/answer/2853812
        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zaPI8MvL8pg',
        'only_matching': True,
    }, {
        # Multi-camera events (deprecated)
        # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/8536
        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gVfLd0zydlo',
        'only_matching': True,
    }, {
        'url': 'https://vid.plus/FlRa-iH7PGw',
        'only_matching': True,
    }, {
        'url': 'https://zwearz.com/watch/9lWxNJF-ufM/electra-woman-dyna-girl-official-trailer-grace-helbig.html',
        'only_matching': True,
    }, {
        # Title with JS-like syntax "};"
        # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/7468
        # Also tests cut-off URL expansion in video description
        # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/1892
        # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/8164
        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lsguqyKfVQg',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': 'lsguqyKfVQg',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': '{dark walk}; Loki/AC/Dishonored; collab w/Elflover21',
            'age_limit': 0,
            'availability': 'public',
            'categories': ['Film & Animation'],
            'channel': 'IronSoulElf',
            'channel_follower_count': int,
            'channel_id': 'UCTSRgz5jylBvFt_S7wnsqLQ',
            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCTSRgz5jylBvFt_S7wnsqLQ',
            'comment_count': int,
            'description': 'md5:8085699c11dc3f597ce0410b0dcbb34a',
            'duration': 133,
            'like_count': int,
            'live_status': 'not_live',
            'media_type': 'video',
            'playable_in_embed': True,
            'tags': 'count:13',
            'thumbnail': r're:https?://i\.ytimg\.com/.+',
            'timestamp': 1447959261,
            'upload_date': '20151119',
            'uploader': 'IronSoulElf',
            'uploader_id': '@IronSoulElf',
            'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/@IronSoulElf',
            'view_count': int,
        },
        'params': {'skip_download': True},
    }, {
        # Tags with '};'
        # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/7468
        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ms7iBXnlUO8',
        'only_matching': True,
    }, {
        # Video with yt:stretch=17:0
        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q39EVAstoRM',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': 'Q39EVAstoRM',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': 'Clash Of Clans#14 Dicas De Ataque Para CV 4',
            'description': 'md5:ee18a25c350637c8faff806845bddee9',
            'upload_date': '20151107',
        },
        'skip': 'This video does not exist.',
    }, {
        # Video with incomplete 'yt:stretch=16:'
        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FRhJzUSJbGI',
        'only_matching': True,
    }, {
        # Video licensed under Creative Commons
        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M4gD1WSo5mA',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': 'M4gD1WSo5mA',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': 'William Fisher, CopyrightX: Lecture 3.2, The Subject Matter of Copyright: Drama and choreography',
            'age_limit': 0,
            'availability': 'public',
            'categories': ['Education'],
            'channel': 'The Berkman Klein Center for Internet & Society',
            'channel_follower_count': int,
            'channel_id': 'UCuLGmD72gJDBwmLw06X58SA',
            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCuLGmD72gJDBwmLw06X58SA',
            'chapters': 'count:4',
            'description': 'md5:a677553cf0840649b731a3024aeff4cc',
            'duration': 721,
            'license': 'Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed)',
            'like_count': int,
            'live_status': 'not_live',
            'media_type': 'video',
            'playable_in_embed': True,
            'tags': 'count:3',
            'thumbnail': r're:https?://i\.ytimg\.com/.+',
            'timestamp': 1422422076,
            'upload_date': '20150128',
            'uploader': 'The Berkman Klein Center for Internet & Society',
            'uploader_id': '@BKCHarvard',
            'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/@BKCHarvard',
            'view_count': int,
        },
        'params': {'skip_download': True},
    }, {
        # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/commit/fd050249afce1bcc9e7f4a127069375467007b55
        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eQcmzGIKrzg',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': 'eQcmzGIKrzg',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': 'Democratic Socialism and Foreign Policy | Bernie Sanders',
            'age_limit': 0,
            'availability': 'public',
            'categories': ['News & Politics'],
            'channel': 'Bernie Sanders',
            'channel_follower_count': int,
            'channel_id': 'UCH1dpzjCEiGAt8CXkryhkZg',
            'channel_is_verified': True,
            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCH1dpzjCEiGAt8CXkryhkZg',
            'chapters': 'count:5',
            'comment_count': int,
            'description': 'md5:13a2503d7b5904ef4b223aa101628f39',
            'duration': 4060,
            'heatmap': 'count:100',
            'license': 'Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed)',
            'like_count': int,
            'live_status': 'not_live',
            'media_type': 'video',
            'playable_in_embed': True,
            'tags': 'count:12',
            'thumbnail': r're:https?://i\.ytimg\.com/.+',
            'timestamp': 1447987198,
            'upload_date': '20151120',
            'uploader': 'Bernie Sanders',
            'uploader_id': '@BernieSanders',
            'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/@BernieSanders',
            'view_count': int,
        },
        'params': {'skip_download': True},
    }, {
        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&amp;amp;v=V36LpHqtcDY',
        'only_matching': True,
    }, {
        # YouTube Red paid video
        # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/10059
        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i1Ko8UG-Tdo',
        'only_matching': True,
    }, {
        # Rental video preview
        # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/commit/fd050249afce1bcc9e7f4a127069375467007b55
        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yYr8q0y5Jfg',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': 'uGpuVWrhIzE',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': 'Piku - Trailer',
            'description': 'md5:c36bd60c3fd6f1954086c083c72092eb',
            'upload_date': '20150811',
            'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
        },
        'skip': 'This video is not available.',
    }, {
        # YouTube Red video with episode data
        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iqKdEhx-dD4',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': 'iqKdEhx-dD4',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': 'Isolation - Mind Field (Ep 1)',
            'age_limit': 0,
            'availability': 'public',
            'categories': ['Entertainment'],
            'channel': 'Vsauce',
            'channel_follower_count': int,
            'channel_id': 'UC6nSFpj9HTCZ5t-N3Rm3-HA',
            'channel_is_verified': True,
            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC6nSFpj9HTCZ5t-N3Rm3-HA',
            'comment_count': int,
            'description': 'md5:f540112edec5d09fc8cc752d3d4ba3cd',
            'duration': 2085,
            'heatmap': 'count:100',
            'like_count': int,
            'live_status': 'not_live',
            'media_type': 'video',
            'playable_in_embed': True,
            'tags': 'count:12',
            'thumbnail': r're:https?://i\.ytimg\.com/.+',
            'timestamp': 1484761047,
            'upload_date': '20170118',
            'uploader': 'Vsauce',
            'uploader_id': '@Vsauce',
            'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/@Vsauce',
            'view_count': int,
        },
        'expected_warnings': ['Skipping DASH manifest'],
        'params': {'skip_download': True},
    }, {
        # The following content has been identified by the YouTube community
        # as inappropriate or offensive to some audiences.
        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6SJNVb0GnPI',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': '6SJNVb0GnPI',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': 'Race Differences in Intelligence',
            'description': 'md5:5d161533167390427a1f8ee89a1fc6f1',
            'duration': 965,
            'upload_date': '20140124',
        },
        'skip': 'This video has been removed for violating YouTube\'s policy on hate speech.',
    }, {
        # itag 212
        'url': '1t24XAntNCY',
        'only_matching': True,
    }, {
        # geo restricted to JP
        'url': 'sJL6WA-aGkQ',
        'only_matching': True,
    }, {
        'url': 'https://invidio.us/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc',
        'only_matching': True,
    }, {
        'url': 'https://redirect.invidious.io/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc',
        'only_matching': True,
    }, {
        # from https://nitter.pussthecat.org/YouTube/status/1360363141947944964#m
        'url': 'https://redirect.invidious.io/Yh0AhrY9GjA',
        'only_matching': True,
    }, {
        # DRM protected
        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s7_qI6_mIXc',
        'only_matching': True,
    }, {
        # Video with unsupported adaptive stream type formats
        # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/commit/4fe54c128a11d394874505af75aaa5a2276aa3ba
        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z4Vy8R84T1U',
        'only_matching': True,
    }, {
        # Youtube Music Auto-generated description
        # TODO: fix metadata extraction
        # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/20599
        'url': 'https://music.youtube.com/watch?v=MgNrAu2pzNs',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': 'MgNrAu2pzNs',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': 'Voyeur Girl',
            'age_limit': 0,
            'album': 'it\'s too much love to know my dear',
            'alt_title': 'Voyeur Girl',
            'artists': ['Stephen'],
            'availability': 'public',
            'categories': ['Music'],
            'channel': 'Stephen',  # TODO: should be 'Stephen - Topic'
            'channel_follower_count': int,
            'channel_id': 'UC-pWHpBjdGG69N9mM2auIAA',
            'channel_is_verified': True,
            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC-pWHpBjdGG69N9mM2auIAA',
            'comment_count': int,
            'creators': ['Stephen'],
            'description': 'md5:7ae382a65843d6df2685993e90a8628f',
            'duration': 169,
            'heatmap': 'count:100',
            'like_count': int,
            'live_status': 'not_live',
            'media_type': 'video',
            'playable_in_embed': True,
            'release_date': '20190313',
            'tags': 'count:11',
            'thumbnail': r're:https?://i\.ytimg\.com/.+',
            'timestamp': 1552385807,
            'track': 'Voyeur Girl',
            'upload_date': '20190312',
            'uploader': 'Stephen',
            'view_count': int,
        },
        'params': {'skip_download': True},
    }, {
        'url': 'https://www.youtubekids.com/watch?v=3b8nCWDgZ6Q',
        'only_matching': True,
    }, {
        # invalid -> valid video id redirection
        # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/pull/25063
        'url': 'DJztXj2GPfl',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': 'DJztXj2GPfk',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': 'Panjabi MC - Mundian To Bach Ke (The Dictator Soundtrack)',
            'description': 'md5:bf577a41da97918e94fa9798d9228825',
            'upload_date': '20090125',
            'artist': 'Panjabi MC',
            'track': 'Beware of the Boys (Mundian to Bach Ke) - Motivo Hi-Lectro Remix',
            'album': 'Beware of the Boys (Mundian To Bach Ke)',
        },
        'skip': 'Video unavailable',
    }, {
        # empty description results in an empty string
        # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/pull/26575
        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x41yOUIvK2k',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': 'x41yOUIvK2k',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': 'IMG 3456',
            'age_limit': 0,
            'availability': 'public',
            'categories': ['Pets & Animals'],
            'channel': 'l\'Or Vert asbl',
            'channel_follower_count': int,
            'channel_id': 'UCo03ZQPBW5U4UC3regpt1nw',
            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCo03ZQPBW5U4UC3regpt1nw',
            'description': '',
            'duration': 7,
            'like_count': int,
            'live_status': 'not_live',
            'media_type': 'video',
            'playable_in_embed': True,
            'tags': [],
            'thumbnail': r're:https?://i\.ytimg\.com/.+',
            'timestamp': 1497343210,
            'upload_date': '20170613',
            'uploader': 'l\'Or Vert asbl',
            'uploader_id': '@ElevageOrVert',
            'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/@ElevageOrVert',
            'view_count': int,
        },
        'params': {'skip_download': True},
    }, {
        # with '};' inside yt initial data (see [1])
        # see [2] for an example with '};' inside ytInitialPlayerResponse
        # 1. https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/27093
        # 2. https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/27216
        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CHqg6qOn4no',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': 'CHqg6qOn4no',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': 'Part 77   Sort a list of simple types in c#',
            'age_limit': 0,
            'availability': 'public',
            'categories': ['Education'],
            'channel': 'kudvenkat',
            'channel_follower_count': int,
            'channel_id': 'UCCTVrRB5KpIiK6V2GGVsR1Q',
            'channel_is_verified': True,
            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCCTVrRB5KpIiK6V2GGVsR1Q',
            'chapters': 'count:4',
            'comment_count': int,
            'description': 'md5:b8746fa52e10cdbf47997903f13b20dc',
            'duration': 522,
            'heatmap': 'count:100',
            'like_count': int,
            'live_status': 'not_live',
            'media_type': 'video',
            'playable_in_embed': True,
            'tags': 'count:12',
            'thumbnail': r're:https?://i\.ytimg\.com/.+',
            'timestamp': 1377976349,
            'upload_date': '20130831',
            'uploader': 'kudvenkat',
            'uploader_id': '@Csharp-video-tutorialsBlogspot',
            'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/@Csharp-video-tutorialsBlogspot',
            'view_count': int,
        },
        'params': {'skip_download': True},
    }, {
        # another example of '};' in ytInitialData
        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gVfgbahppCY',
        'only_matching': True,
    }, {
        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch_popup?v=63RmMXCd_bQ',
        'only_matching': True,
    }, {
        # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/pull/28094
        'url': 'OtqTfy26tG0',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': 'OtqTfy26tG0',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': 'Burn Out',
            'age_limit': 0,
            'album': 'Every Day',
            'alt_title': 'Burn Out',
            'artists': ['The Cinematic Orchestra'],
            'availability': 'public',
            'categories': ['Music'],
            'channel': 'The Cinematic Orchestra',
            'channel_follower_count': int,
            'channel_id': 'UCIzsJBIyo8hhpFm1NK0uLgw',
            'channel_is_verified': True,
            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCIzsJBIyo8hhpFm1NK0uLgw',
            'comment_count': int,
            'creators': ['The Cinematic Orchestra'],
            'description': 'md5:fee8b19b7ba433cc2957d1c7582067ac',
            'duration': 614,
            'heatmap': 'count:100',
            'like_count': int,
            'live_status': 'not_live',
            'media_type': 'video',
            'playable_in_embed': True,
            'release_date': '20020513',
            'release_year': 2023,
            'tags': 'count:3',
            'thumbnail': r're:https?://i\.ytimg\.com/.+',
            'timestamp': 1416497379,
            'track': 'Burn Out',
            'upload_date': '20141120',
            'uploader': 'The Cinematic Orchestra',
            'view_count': int,
        },
        'params': {'skip_download': True},
    }, {
        # controversial video, only works with bpctr when authenticated with cookies
        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nGC3D_FkCmg',
        'only_matching': True,
    }, {
        # controversial video, requires bpctr/contentCheckOk
        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SZJvDhaSDnc',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': 'SZJvDhaSDnc',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': 'San Diego teen commits suicide after bullying over embarrassing video',
            'age_limit': 18,
            'availability': 'needs_auth',
            'categories': ['News & Politics'],
            'channel': 'CBS Mornings',
            'channel_follower_count': int,
            'channel_id': 'UC-SJ6nODDmufqBzPBwCvYvQ',
            'channel_is_verified': True,
            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC-SJ6nODDmufqBzPBwCvYvQ',
            'comment_count': int,
            'description': 'md5:acde3a73d3f133fc97e837a9f76b53b7',
            'duration': 170,
            'like_count': int,
            'live_status': 'not_live',
            'media_type': 'video',
            'playable_in_embed': True,
            'tags': 'count:5',
            'thumbnail': r're:https?://i\.ytimg\.com/.+',
            'timestamp': 1405513526,
            'upload_date': '20140716',
            'uploader': 'CBS Mornings',
            'uploader_id': '@CBSMornings',
            'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/@CBSMornings',
            'view_count': int,
        },
        'skip': 'Age-restricted; requires authentication',
    }, {
        # restricted location
        # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/28685
        'url': 'cBvYw8_A0vQ',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': 'cBvYw8_A0vQ',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': '4K Ueno Okachimachi  Street  Scenes  上野御徒町歩き',
            'age_limit': 0,
            'availability': 'public',
            'categories': ['Travel & Events'],
            'channel': 'Walk around Japan',
            'channel_follower_count': int,
            'channel_id': 'UC3o_t8PzBmXf5S9b7GLx1Mw',
            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC3o_t8PzBmXf5S9b7GLx1Mw',
            'description': 'md5:ea770e474b7cd6722b4c95b833c03630',
            'duration': 1456,
            'live_status': 'not_live',
            'media_type': 'video',
            'playable_in_embed': True,
            'tags': 'count:5',
            'thumbnail': r're:https?://i\.ytimg\.com/.+',
            'timestamp': 1605884416,
            'upload_date': '20201120',
            'uploader': 'Walk around Japan',
            'uploader_id': '@walkaroundjapan7124',
            'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/@walkaroundjapan7124',
            'view_count': int,
        },
        'params': {'skip_download': True},
    }, {
        # Has multiple audio streams
        'url': 'WaOKSUlf4TM',
        'only_matching': True,
    }, {
        # Requires Premium: has format 141 when requested using YTM url
        'url': 'https://music.youtube.com/watch?v=XclachpHxis',
        'only_matching': True,
    }, {
        # multiple subtitles with same lang_code
        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wsQiKKfKxug',
        'only_matching': True,
    }, {
        # Force use android client fallback
        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YOelRv7fMxY',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': 'YOelRv7fMxY',
            'ext': '3gp',
            'title': 'DIGGING A SECRET TUNNEL Part 1',
            'age_limit': 0,
            'availability': 'public',
            'categories': ['Entertainment'],
            'channel': 'colinfurze',
            'channel_follower_count': int,
            'channel_id': 'UCp68_FLety0O-n9QU6phsgw',
            'channel_is_verified': True,
            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCp68_FLety0O-n9QU6phsgw',
            'chapters': 'count:4',
            'comment_count': int,
            'description': 'md5:5d5991195d599b56cd0c4148907eec50',
            'duration': 596,
            'heatmap': 'count:100',
            'like_count': int,
            'live_status': 'not_live',
            'media_type': 'video',
            'playable_in_embed': True,
            'tags': 'count:6',
            'thumbnail': r're:https?://i\.ytimg\.com/.+',
            'timestamp': 1624546829,
            'upload_date': '20210624',
            'uploader': 'colinfurze',
            'uploader_id': '@colinfurze',
            'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/@colinfurze',
            'view_count': int,
        },
        'params': {
            'extractor_args': {'youtube': {'player_client': ['android']}},
            'format': '17',  # 3gp format available on android
            'skip_download': True,
        },
        'skip': 'Android client broken',
    }, {
        # Skip download of additional client configs (remix client config in this case)
        'url': 'https://music.youtube.com/watch?v=MgNrAu2pzNs',
        'only_matching': True,
        'params': {'extractor_args': {'youtube': {'player_skip': ['configs']}}},
    }, {
        # shorts
        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/shorts/BGQWPY4IigY',
        'only_matching': True,
    }, {
        'note': 'Storyboards',
        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5KLPxDtMqe8',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': '5KLPxDtMqe8',
            'ext': 'mhtml',
            'title': 'Your Brain is Plastic',
            'age_limit': 0,
            'availability': 'public',
            'categories': ['Education'],
            'channel': 'SciShow',
            'channel_follower_count': int,
            'channel_id': 'UCZYTClx2T1of7BRZ86-8fow',
            'channel_is_verified': True,
            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCZYTClx2T1of7BRZ86-8fow',
            'chapters': 'count:5',
            'comment_count': int,
            'description': 'md5:89cd86034bdb5466cd87c6ba206cd2bc',
            'duration': 248,
            'heatmap': 'count:100',
            'like_count': int,
            'live_status': 'not_live',
            'media_type': 'video',
            'playable_in_embed': True,
            'tags': 'count:12',
            'thumbnail': r're:https?://i\.ytimg\.com/.+',
            'timestamp': 1395685455,
            'upload_date': '20140324',
            'uploader': 'SciShow',
            'uploader_id': '@SciShow',
            'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/@SciShow',
            'view_count': int,
        },
        'params': {
            'format': 'mhtml',
            'skip_download': True,
        },
    }, {
        # Ensure video upload_date is in UTC timezone (video was uploaded 1641170939)
        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2NUZ8W2llS4',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': '2NUZ8W2llS4',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': 'The NP that test your phone performance 🙂',
            'age_limit': 0,
            'availability': 'public',
            'categories': ['Gaming'],
            'channel': 'Leon Nguyen',
            'channel_follower_count': int,
            'channel_id': 'UCRqNBSOHgilHfAczlUmlWHA',
            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCRqNBSOHgilHfAczlUmlWHA',
            'comment_count': int,
            'description': 'md5:144494b24d4f9dfacb97c1bbef5de84d',
            'duration': 21,
            'heatmap': 'count:100',
            'like_count': int,
            'live_status': 'not_live',
            'media_type': 'video',
            'playable_in_embed': True,
            'tags': 'count:23',
            'thumbnail': r're:https?://i\.ytimg\.com/.+',
            'timestamp': 1641170939,
            'upload_date': '20220103',
            'uploader': 'Leon Nguyen',
            'uploader_id': '@LeonNguyen',
            'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/@LeonNguyen',
            'view_count': int,
        },
        'params': {'skip_download': True},
    }, {
        # date text is premiered video, ensure upload date in UTC (published 1641172509)
        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mzZzzBU6lrM',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': 'mzZzzBU6lrM',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': 'I Met GeorgeNotFound In Real Life...',
            'age_limit': 0,
            'availability': 'public',
            'categories': ['Entertainment'],
            'channel': 'Quackity',
            'channel_follower_count': int,
            'channel_id': 'UC_8NknAFiyhOUaZqHR3lq3Q',
            'channel_is_verified': True,
            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC_8NknAFiyhOUaZqHR3lq3Q',
            'comment_count': int,
            'description': 'md5:42e72df3d4d5965903a2b9359c3ccd25',
            'duration': 955,
            'heatmap': 'count:100',
            'like_count': int,
            'live_status': 'not_live',
            'media_type': 'video',
            'playable_in_embed': True,
            'release_date': '20220103',
            'release_timestamp': 1641172509,
            'tags': 'count:26',
            'thumbnail': r're:https?://i\.ytimg\.com/.+',
            'timestamp': 1641172509,
            'upload_date': '20220103',
            'uploader': 'Quackity',
            'uploader_id': '@Quackity',
            'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/@Quackity',
            'view_count': int,
        },
        'params': {'skip_download': True},
    }, {
        # continuous livestream.
        # Upload date was 2022-07-12T05:12:29-07:00, while stream start is 2022-07-12T15:59:30+00:00
        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jfKfPfyJRdk',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': 'jfKfPfyJRdk',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': str,
            'age_limit': 0,
            'availability': 'public',
            'categories': ['Music'],
            'channel': 'Lofi Girl',
            'channel_follower_count': int,
            'channel_id': 'UCSJ4gkVC6NrvII8umztf0Ow',
            'channel_is_verified': True,
            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCSJ4gkVC6NrvII8umztf0Ow',
            'concurrent_view_count': int,
            'description': 'md5:48841fcfc1be6131d729fa7b4a7784cb',
            'like_count': int,
            'live_status': 'is_live',
            'media_type': 'livestream',
            'playable_in_embed': True,
            'release_date': '20220712',
            'release_timestamp': 1657641570,
            'tags': 'count:32',
            'thumbnail': r're:https?://i\.ytimg\.com/.+',
            'timestamp': 1657627949,
            'upload_date': '20220712',
            'uploader': 'Lofi Girl',
            'uploader_id': '@LofiGirl',
            'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/@LofiGirl',
            'view_count': int,
        },
        'params': {'skip_download': True},
    }, {
        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tjjjtzRLHvA',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': 'tjjjtzRLHvA',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': 'ハッシュタグ無し };if window.ytcsi',
            'age_limit': 0,
            'availability': 'unlisted',
            'categories': ['Music'],
            'channel': 'Lesmiscore',
            'channel_follower_count': int,
            'channel_id': 'UCdqltm_7iv1Vs6kp6Syke5A',
            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCdqltm_7iv1Vs6kp6Syke5A',
            'description': '',
            'duration': 6,
            'like_count': int,
            'live_status': 'not_live',
            'media_type': 'short',
            'playable_in_embed': True,
            'tags': [],
            'thumbnail': r're:https?://i\.ytimg\.com/.+',
            'timestamp': 1648005313,
            'upload_date': '20220323',
            'uploader': 'Lesmiscore',
            'uploader_id': '@lesmiscore',
            'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/@lesmiscore',
            'view_count': int,
        },
        'params': {'skip_download': True},
    }, {
        # Prefer primary title+description language metadata by default
        # Do not prefer translated description if primary is empty
        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=el3E4MbxRqQ',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': 'el3E4MbxRqQ',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': 'dlp test video 2 - primary sv no desc',
            'age_limit': 0,
            'availability': 'unlisted',
            'categories': ['People & Blogs'],
            'channel': 'cole-dlp-test-acc',
            'channel_id': 'UCiu-3thuViMebBjw_5nWYrA',
            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCiu-3thuViMebBjw_5nWYrA',
            'description': '',
            'duration': 5,
            'like_count': int,
            'live_status': 'not_live',
            'media_type': 'video',
            'playable_in_embed': True,
            'tags': [],
            'thumbnail': r're:https?://i\.ytimg\.com/.+',
            'timestamp': 1662677394,
            'upload_date': '20220908',
            'uploader': 'cole-dlp-test-acc',
            'uploader_id': '@coletdjnz',
            'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/@coletdjnz',
            'view_count': int,
        },
        'params': {'skip_download': True},
    }, {
        # Extractor argument: prefer translated title+description
        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gHKT4uU8Zng',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': 'gHKT4uU8Zng',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': 'dlp test video title primary (en-GB)',
            'age_limit': 0,
            'availability': 'public',
            'categories': ['People & Blogs'],
            'channel': 'cole-dlp-test-acc',
            'channel_id': 'UCiu-3thuViMebBjw_5nWYrA',
            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCiu-3thuViMebBjw_5nWYrA',
            'description': 'md5:e8c098ba19888e08554f960ffbf6f90e',
            'duration': 5,
            'like_count': int,
            'live_status': 'not_live',
            'media_type': 'video',
            'playable_in_embed': True,
            'tags': [],
            'thumbnail': r're:https?://i\.ytimg\.com/.+',
            'timestamp': 1659073275,
            'upload_date': '20220729',
            'uploader': 'cole-dlp-test-acc',
            'uploader_id': '@coletdjnz',
            'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/@coletdjnz',
            'view_count': int,
        },
        'params': {
            'extractor_args': {'youtube': {'lang': ['fr']}},
            'skip_download': True,
        },
        'expected_warnings': [r'Preferring "fr" translated fields'],
    }, {
        'note': '6 channel audio',
        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zgdo7-RRjgo',
        'only_matching': True,
    }, {
        'note': 'Multiple HLS formats with same itag',
        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kX3nB4PpJko',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': 'kX3nB4PpJko',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': 'Last To Take Hand Off Jet, Keeps It!',
            'age_limit': 0,
            'availability': 'public',
            'categories': ['Entertainment'],
            'channel': 'MrBeast',
            'channel_follower_count': int,
            'channel_id': 'UCX6OQ3DkcsbYNE6H8uQQuVA',
            'channel_is_verified': True,
            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCX6OQ3DkcsbYNE6H8uQQuVA',
            'comment_count': int,
            'description': 'md5:42731fced13eff2c48c099fbb5c1b3a0',
            'duration': 937,
            'heatmap': 'count:100',
            'like_count': int,
            'live_status': 'not_live',
            'media_type': 'video',
            'playable_in_embed': True,
            'tags': [],
            'thumbnail': r're:https?://i\.ytimg\.com/.+',
            'timestamp': 1668286800,
            'upload_date': '20221112',
            'uploader': 'MrBeast',
            'uploader_id': '@MrBeast',
            'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/@MrBeast',
            'view_count': int,
        },
        'params': {
            'extractor_args': {'youtube': {'player_client': ['ios']}},
            'format': '233-1',
            'skip_download': True,
        },
        'skip': 'PO Token Required',
    }, {
        'note': 'Audio formats with Dynamic Range Compression',
        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Tq92D6wQ1mg',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': 'Tq92D6wQ1mg',
            'ext': 'webm',
            'title': '[MMD] Adios - EVERGLOW [+Motion DL]',
            'age_limit': 18,
            'availability': 'needs_auth',
            'categories': ['Entertainment'],
            'channel': 'Projekt Melody',
            'channel_follower_count': int,
            'channel_id': 'UC1yoRdFoFJaCY-AGfD9W0wQ',
            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC1yoRdFoFJaCY-AGfD9W0wQ',
            'comment_count': int,
            'description': 'md5:17eccca93a786d51bc67646756894066',
            'duration': 106,
            'like_count': int,
            'live_status': 'not_live',
            'media_type': 'video',
            'playable_in_embed': True,
            'tags': 'count:5',
            'thumbnail': r're:https?://i\.ytimg\.com/.+',
            'timestamp': 1577508724,
            'upload_date': '20191228',
            'uploader': 'Projekt Melody',
            'uploader_id': '@ProjektMelody',
            'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/@ProjektMelody',
            'view_count': int,
        },
        'params': {
            'format': '251-drc',
            'skip_download': True,
        },
        'skip': 'Age-restricted; requires authentication',
    }, {
        'note': 'Support /live/ URL + media type for post-live content',
        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/live/qVv6vCqciTM',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': 'qVv6vCqciTM',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': '【 #インターネット女クリスマス 】3Dで歌ってはしゃぐインターネットの女たち【月ノ美兎/名取さな】',
            'age_limit': 0,
            'availability': 'public',
            'categories': ['Entertainment'],
            'channel': 'さなちゃんねる',
            'channel_follower_count': int,
            'channel_id': 'UCIdEIHpS0TdkqRkHL5OkLtA',
            'channel_is_verified': True,
            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCIdEIHpS0TdkqRkHL5OkLtA',
            'chapters': 'count:13',
            'comment_count': int,
            'description': 'md5:6aebf95cc4a1d731aebc01ad6cc9806d',
            'duration': 4438,
            'heatmap': 'count:100',
            'like_count': int,
            'live_status': 'was_live',
            'media_type': 'livestream',
            'playable_in_embed': True,
            'release_date': '20221223',
            'release_timestamp': 1671793345,
            'tags': 'count:6',
            'thumbnail': r're:https?://i\.ytimg\.com/.+',
            'timestamp': 1671798112,
            'upload_date': '20221223',
            'uploader': 'さなちゃんねる',
            'uploader_id': '@sana_natori',
            'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/@sana_natori',
            'view_count': int,
        },
        'params': {'skip_download': True},
    }, {
        # Fallbacks when webpage and web client is unavailable
        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wSSmNUl9Snw',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': 'wSSmNUl9Snw',
            'ext': 'webm',
            'title': 'The Computer Hack That Saved Apollo 14',
            'age_limit': 0,
            # 'availability': 'public',
            # 'categories': ['Science & Technology'],
            'channel': 'Scott Manley',
            'channel_follower_count': int,
            'channel_id': 'UCxzC4EngIsMrPmbm6Nxvb-A',
            'channel_is_verified': True,
            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCxzC4EngIsMrPmbm6Nxvb-A',
            'chapters': 'count:2',
            'comment_count': int,
            'description': 'md5:f4bed7b200404b72a394c2f97b782c02',
            'duration': 682,
            'heatmap': 'count:100',
            'like_count': int,
            'live_status': 'not_live',
            'media_type': 'video',
            'playable_in_embed': True,
            'tags': 'count:8',
            'thumbnail': r're:https?://i\.ytimg\.com/.+',
            'timestamp': 1504198713,
            'upload_date': '20170831',
            'uploader': 'Scott Manley',
            'uploader_id': '@scottmanley',
            'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/@scottmanley',
            'view_count': int,
        },
        'params': {
            'extractor_args': {'youtube': {
                'player_client': ['ios'],
                'player_skip': ['webpage'],
            }},
            'skip_download': True,
        },
        'skip': 'PO Token Required',
    }, {
        # uploader_id has non-ASCII characters that are percent-encoded in YT's JSON
        # https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/pull/11818
        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/shorts/18NGQq7p3LY',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': '18NGQq7p3LY',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': '아이브 이서 장원영 리즈 삐끼삐끼 챌린지',
            'age_limit': 0,
            'availability': 'public',
            'categories': ['People & Blogs'],
            'channel': 'ㅇㅇ',
            'channel_follower_count': int,
            'channel_id': 'UCC25oTm2J7ZVoi5TngOHg9g',
            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCC25oTm2J7ZVoi5TngOHg9g',
            'description': '',
            'duration': 3,
            'like_count': int,
            'live_status': 'not_live',
            'media_type': 'short',
            'playable_in_embed': True,
            'tags': [],
            'thumbnail': r're:https?://i\.ytimg\.com/.+',
            'timestamp': 1724306170,
            'upload_date': '20240822',
            'uploader': 'ㅇㅇ',
            'uploader_id': '@으아-v1k',
            'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/@으아-v1k',
            'view_count': int,
        },
        'params': {'skip_download': True},
    }, {
        # Youtube Music Auto-generated description with dot in artist name
        'url': 'https://music.youtube.com/watch?v=DbCvuSGfR3Y',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': 'DbCvuSGfR3Y',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': 'Back Around',
            'artists': ['half·alive'],
            'track': 'Back Around',
            'album': 'Conditions Of A Punk',
            'release_date': '20221202',
            'release_year': 2021,
            'alt_title': 'Back Around',
            'description': 'md5:bfc0e2b3cc903a608d8a85a13cb50f95',
            'media_type': 'video',
            'uploader': 'half•alive',
            'channel': 'half•alive',
            'channel_id': 'UCYQrYophdVI3nVDPOnXyIng',
            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCYQrYophdVI3nVDPOnXyIng',
            'channel_is_verified': True,
            'channel_follower_count': int,
            'comment_count': int,
            'view_count': int,
            'like_count': int,
            'age_limit': 0,
            'duration': 223,
            'thumbnail': 'https://i.ytimg.com/vi_webp/DbCvuSGfR3Y/maxresdefault.webp',
            'heatmap': 'count:100',
            'categories': ['Music'],
            'tags': ['half·alive', 'Conditions Of A Punk', 'Back Around'],
            'creators': ['half·alive'],
            'timestamp': 1669889281,
            'upload_date': '20221201',
            'playable_in_embed': True,
            'availability': 'public',
            'live_status': 'not_live',
        },
        'params': {
            'skip_download': True,
        },
    }, {
        # Video with two collaborators
        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=brhfDfLdDZ8',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': 'brhfDfLdDZ8',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': 'This is the WORST Movie Science We\'ve Ever Seen',
            'description': 'md5:8afd0a3cd69ec63438fc573580436f92',
            'media_type': 'video',
            'uploader': 'Open Sauce',
            'uploader_id': '@opensaucelive',
            'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/@opensaucelive',
            'channel': 'Open Sauce',
            'channel_id': 'UC2EiGVmCeD79l_vZ204DUSw',
            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC2EiGVmCeD79l_vZ204DUSw',
            'comment_count': int,
            'view_count': int,
            'like_count': int,
            'age_limit': 0,
            'duration': 1664,
            'thumbnail': 'https://i.ytimg.com/vi/brhfDfLdDZ8/hqdefault.jpg',
            'categories': ['Entertainment'],
            'tags': ['Moonfall', 'Bad Science', 'Open Sauce', 'Sauce+', 'The Backyard Scientist', 'William Osman', 'Allen Pan'],
            'creators': ['Open Sauce', 'William Osman 2'],
            'timestamp': 1759452918,
            'upload_date': '20251003',
            'playable_in_embed': True,
            'availability': 'public',
            'live_status': 'not_live',
        },
        'params': {'skip_download': True},
    }, {
        # Video with five collaborators
        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_A9KsMbWh4E',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': '_A9KsMbWh4E',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': '【MV】薫習 - LIVE UNION【RK Music】',
            'description': 'md5:9b3dc2b91103f303fcc0dac8617e7938',
            'media_type': 'video',
            'uploader': 'RK Music',
            'uploader_id': '@RKMusic_inc',
            'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/@RKMusic_inc',
            'channel': 'RK Music',
            'channel_id': 'UCiLhMk-gmE2zgF7KGVyqvFw',
            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCiLhMk-gmE2zgF7KGVyqvFw',
            'comment_count': int,
            'view_count': int,
            'like_count': int,
            'age_limit': 0,
            'duration': 193,
            'thumbnail': 'https://i.ytimg.com/vi_webp/_A9KsMbWh4E/maxresdefault.webp',
            'categories': ['Music'],
            'tags': [],
            'creators': ['RK Music', 'HACHI', '焔魔るり CH. / Ruri Enma', '瀬戸乃とと', '水瀬 凪/MINASE Nagi'],
            'timestamp': 1761908406,
            'upload_date': '20251031',
            'release_timestamp': 1761908406,
            'release_date': '20251031',
            'playable_in_embed': True,
            'availability': 'public',
            'live_status': 'not_live',
        },
        'params': {'skip_download': True},
    }, {
        # Comment subthreads with 4 levels of depth
        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f6HNySwZV4c',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': 'f6HNySwZV4c',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': 'dlptestvideo2',
            'description': '',
            'media_type': 'video',
            'uploader': 'cole-dlp-test-acc',
            'uploader_id': '@coletdjnz',
            'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/@coletdjnz',
            'channel': 'cole-dlp-test-acc',
            'channel_id': 'UCiu-3thuViMebBjw_5nWYrA',
            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCiu-3thuViMebBjw_5nWYrA',
            'channel_follower_count': int,
            'view_count': int,
            'like_count': int,
            'age_limit': 0,
            'duration': 5,
            'thumbnail': 'https://i.ytimg.com/vi/f6HNySwZV4c/maxresdefault.jpg',
            'categories': ['People & Blogs'],
            'tags': [],
            'timestamp': 1709856007,
            'upload_date': '20240308',
            'release_timestamp': 1709856007,
            'release_date': '20240308',
            'playable_in_embed': True,
            'availability': 'public',
            'live_status': 'not_live',
            'comment_count': 15,  # XXX: minimum, but investigate if this changes
            'comments': 'count:15',
        },
        'params': {
            'skip_download': True,
            'getcomments': True,
        },
    }, {
        # Comments: `subThreads` containing `commentThreadRenderer`s AND `continuationItemRenderer`
        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3dHQb2Nhma0',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': '3dHQb2Nhma0',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': 'Tɪtle',
            'description': '',
            'media_type': 'video',
            'uploader': 'abcdefg',
            'uploader_id': '@abcdefg-d5t2c',
            'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/@abcdefg-d5t2c',
            'channel': 'abcdefg',
            'channel_id': 'UCayEJzV8XSSJkPdA7OAsbew',
            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCayEJzV8XSSJkPdA7OAsbew',
            'view_count': int,
            'like_count': int,
            'age_limit': 0,
            'duration': 12,
            'thumbnail': 'https://i.ytimg.com/vi/3dHQb2Nhma0/maxresdefault.jpg',
            'categories': ['People & Blogs'],
            'tags': [],
            'timestamp': 1767158812,
            'upload_date': '20251231',
            'playable_in_embed': True,
            'availability': 'unlisted',
            'live_status': 'not_live',
            'comment_count': 9,  # XXX: minimum, but investigate if this changes
            'comments': 'count:9',
        },
        'params': {
            'skip_download': True,
            'getcomments': True,
        },
    }]
    _WEBPAGE_TESTS = [{
        # <object>
        # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/pull/12696
        'url': 'http://www.improbable.com/2017/04/03/untrained-modern-youths-and-ancient-masters-in-selfie-portraits/',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': 'msN87y-iEx0',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': 'Feynman: Mirrors FUN TO IMAGINE 6',
            'upload_date': '20080526',
            'description': 'md5:873c81d308b979f0e23ee7e620b312a3',
            'age_limit': 0,
            'tags': 'count:8',
            'channel_id': 'UCCeo--lls1vna5YJABWAcVA',
            'playable_in_embed': True,
            'thumbnail': r're:https?://i\.ytimg\.com/.+',
            'like_count': int,
            'comment_count': int,
            'channel': 'Christopher Sykes',
            'live_status': 'not_live',
            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCCeo--lls1vna5YJABWAcVA',
            'availability': 'public',
            'duration': 195,
            'view_count': int,
            'categories': ['Science & Technology'],
            'channel_follower_count': int,
            'uploader': 'Christopher Sykes',
            'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/@ChristopherSykesDocumentaries',
            'uploader_id': '@ChristopherSykesDocumentaries',
            'heatmap': 'count:100',
            'timestamp': 1211825920,
            'media_type': 'video',
        },
        'params': {'skip_download': True},
    }, {
        # <embed>
        # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/commit/2b88feedf7993c24b03e0a7ff169a548794de70c
        'url': 'https://badzine.de/news/als-marc-zwiebler-taufik-hidayat-schlug',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': 'bSVcWOq397g',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': 'TAUFIK TUNJUKKAN KELASNYA !!! : Taufik Hidayat VS Marc Zwiebler Canada Open 2011',
            'age_limit': 0,
            'availability': 'public',
            'categories': ['Sports'],
            'channel': 'Badminton Addict Id',
            'channel_follower_count': int,
            'channel_id': 'UCfCpKOwQGUe2FUJzYNadQcQ',
            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCfCpKOwQGUe2FUJzYNadQcQ',
            'comment_count': int,
            'description': 'md5:2c3737da9a575f301a8380b4d60592a8',
            'duration': 756,
            'like_count': int,
            'live_status': 'not_live',
            'media_type': 'video',
            'playable_in_embed': True,
            'tags': 'count:9',
            'thumbnail': r're:https?://i\.ytimg\.com/.+',
            'timestamp': 1621418412,
            'upload_date': '20210519',
            'uploader': 'Badminton Addict Id',
            'uploader_id': '@badmintonaddictid8958',
            'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/@badmintonaddictid8958',
            'view_count': int,
        },
        'params': {'skip_download': True},
    }, {
        # WordPress Plugin: YouTube Video Importer
        # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/commit/7deef1ba6743bf11247565e63ed7e31d2e8a9382
        'url': 'https://lothype.com/2025-chino-hills-hs-snare-quad-features-wgi2025-drumline/',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': 'lC21AX_pCfA',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': '2025 Chino Hills HS Snare & Quad Features! #wgi2025 #drumline',
            'age_limit': 0,
            'availability': 'public',
            'categories': ['Music'],
            'channel': 'DrumlineAV',
            'channel_follower_count': int,
            'channel_id': 'UCqdfUdyiQOZMvW5PcTTYikQ',
            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCqdfUdyiQOZMvW5PcTTYikQ',
            'comment_count': int,
            'description': '',
            'duration': 48,
            'like_count': int,
            'live_status': 'not_live',
            'location': 'WESTMINSTER',
            'media_type': 'short',
            'playable_in_embed': True,
            'tags': 'count:72',
            'thumbnail': r're:https?://i\.ytimg\.com/.+',
            'timestamp': 1739910835,
            'upload_date': '20250218',
            'uploader': 'DrumlineAV',
            'uploader_id': '@DrumlineAV',
            'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/@DrumlineAV',
            'view_count': int,
        },
        'params': {'skip_download': True},
    }, {
        # lazyYT
        # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/commit/65f3a228b16c55fee959eee055767a796479270f
        'url': 'https://rabota7.ru/%D0%91%D1%83%D1%85%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': 'DexR8_tTSsQ',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': 'Работа бухгалтером в Москве',
            'age_limit': 0,
            'availability': 'public',
            'categories': ['People & Blogs'],
            'channel': 'Работа в Москве свежие вакансии',
            'channel_follower_count': int,
            'channel_id': 'UCG3qz_gefGaMiSBvmaxN5WQ',
            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCG3qz_gefGaMiSBvmaxN5WQ',
            'description': 'md5:b779d3d70af4efda26cf62b76808c0e3',
            'duration': 42,
            'like_count': int,
            'live_status': 'not_live',
            'media_type': 'video',
            'playable_in_embed': True,
            'tags': 'count:7',
            'thumbnail': r're:https?://i\.ytimg\.com/.+',
            'timestamp': 1496398980,
            'upload_date': '20170602',
            'uploader': 'Работа в Москве свежие вакансии',
            'uploader_id': '@РаботавМосквесвежиевакансии',
            'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/@РаботавМосквесвежиевакансии',
            'view_count': int,
        },
        'params': {
            'extractor_args': {'generic': {'impersonate': ['chrome']}},
            'skip_download': True,
        },
    }, {
        # data-video-url=
        # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/pull/2948
        'url': 'https://www.uca.ac.uk/',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': 'www.uca.ac',
            'title': 'UCA | Creative Arts Degrees UK | University for the Creative Arts',
            'age_limit': 0,
            'description': 'md5:179c7a06ea1ed01b94ff5d56cb18d73b',
            'thumbnail': '/media/uca-2020/hero-headers/2025-prospectus-all-2x2.jpg',
        },
        'playlist_count': 10,
        'params': {'skip_download': True},
    }]

    _DEFAULT_PLAYER_JS_VERSION = 'actual'
    _DEFAULT_PLAYER_JS_VARIANT = 'tv'
    _PLAYER_JS_VARIANT_MAP = {
        'main': 'player_ias.vflset/en_US/base.js',
        'tcc': 'player_ias_tcc.vflset/en_US/base.js',
        'tce': 'player_ias_tce.vflset/en_US/base.js',
        'es5': 'player_es5.vflset/en_US/base.js',
        'es6': 'player_es6.vflset/en_US/base.js',
        'tv': 'tv-player-ias.vflset/tv-player-ias.js',
        'tv_es6': 'tv-player-es6.vflset/tv-player-es6.js',
        'phone': 'player-plasma-ias-phone-en_US.vflset/base.js',
        'tablet': 'player-plasma-ias-tablet-en_US.vflset/base.js',  # Dead since 19712d96 (2025.11.06)
    }
    _INVERSE_PLAYER_JS_VARIANT_MAP = {v: k for k, v in _PLAYER_JS_VARIANT_MAP.items()}

    @classmethod
    def suitable(cls, url):
        from yt_dlp.utils import parse_qs

        qs = parse_qs(url)
        if qs.get('list', [None])[0]:
            return False
        return super().suitable(url)

    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
        self._code_cache = {}
        self._player_cache = {}
        self._pot_director = None

    def _real_initialize(self):
        super()._real_initialize()
        self._pot_director = initialize_pot_director(self)
        self._jsc_director = initialize_jsc_director(self)

    def _prepare_live_from_start_formats(self, formats, video_id, live_start_time, url, webpage_url, smuggled_data, is_live):
        lock = threading.Lock()
        start_time = time.time()
        formats = [f for f in formats if f.get('is_from_start')]

        def refetch_manifest(format_id, delay):
            nonlocal formats, start_time, is_live
            if time.time() <= start_time + delay:
                return

            _, _, _, _, prs, player_url = self._initial_extract(
                url, smuggled_data, webpage_url, 'web', video_id)
            video_details = traverse_obj(prs, (..., 'videoDetails'), expected_type=dict)
            microformats = traverse_obj(
                prs, (..., 'microformat', 'playerMicroformatRenderer'),
                expected_type=dict)
            _, live_status, formats, _ = self._list_formats(video_id, microformats, video_details, prs, player_url)
            is_live = live_status == 'is_live'
            start_time = time.time()

        def mpd_feed(format_id, delay):
            """
            @returns (manifest_url, manifest_stream_number, is_live) or None
            """
            for retry in self.RetryManager(fatal=False):
                with lock:
                    refetch_manifest(format_id, delay)

                f = next((f for f in formats if f['format_id'] == format_id), None)
                if not f:
                    if not is_live:
                        retry.error = f'{video_id}: Video is no longer live'
                    else:
                        retry.error = f'Cannot find refreshed manifest for format {format_id}{bug_reports_message()}'
                    continue

                # Formats from ended premieres will be missing a manifest_url
                # See https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/8543
                if not f.get('manifest_url'):
                    break

                return f['manifest_url'], f['manifest_stream_number'], is_live
            return None

        for f in formats:
            f['is_live'] = is_live
            gen = functools.partial(self._live_dash_fragments, video_id, f['format_id'],
                                    live_start_time, mpd_feed, not is_live and f.copy())
            if is_live:
                f['fragments'] = gen
                f['protocol'] = 'http_dash_segments_generator'
            else:
                f['fragments'] = LazyList(gen({}))
                del f['is_from_start']

    def _live_dash_fragments(self, video_id, format_id, live_start_time, mpd_feed, manifestless_orig_fmt, ctx):
        FETCH_SPAN, MAX_DURATION = 5, 432000

        mpd_url, stream_number, is_live = None, None, True

        begin_index = 0
        download_start_time = ctx.get('start') or time.time()

        lack_early_segments = download_start_time - (live_start_time or download_start_time) > MAX_DURATION
        if lack_early_segments:
            self.report_warning(bug_reports_message(
                'Starting download from the last 120 hours of the live stream since '
                'YouTube does not have data before that. If you think this is wrong,'), only_once=True)
            lack_early_segments = True

        known_idx, no_fragment_score, last_segment_url = begin_index, 0, None
        fragments, fragment_base_url = None, None

        def _extract_sequence_from_mpd(refresh_sequence, immediate):
            nonlocal mpd_url, stream_number, is_live, no_fragment_score, fragments, fragment_base_url
            # Obtain from MPD's maximum seq value
            old_mpd_url = mpd_url
            last_error = ctx.pop('last_error', None)
            expire_fast = immediate or (last_error and isinstance(last_error, HTTPError) and last_error.status == 403)
            mpd_url, stream_number, is_live = (mpd_feed(format_id, 5 if expire_fast else 18000)
                                               or (mpd_url, stream_number, False))
            if not refresh_sequence:
                if expire_fast and not is_live:
                    return False, last_seq
                elif old_mpd_url == mpd_url:
                    return True, last_seq
            if manifestless_orig_fmt:
                fmt_info = manifestless_orig_fmt
            else:
                try:
                    fmts, _ = self._extract_mpd_formats_and_subtitles(
                        mpd_url, None, note=False, errnote=False, fatal=False)
                except ExtractorError:
                    fmts = None
                if not fmts:
                    no_fragment_score += 2
                    return False, last_seq
                fmt_info = next(x for x in fmts if x['manifest_stream_number'] == stream_number)
            fragments = fmt_info['fragments']
            fragment_base_url = fmt_info['fragment_base_url']
            assert fragment_base_url

            _last_seq = int(re.search(r'(?:/|^)sq/(\d+)', fragments[-1]['path']).group(1))
            return True, _last_seq

        self.write_debug(f'[{video_id}] Generating fragments for format {format_id}')
        while is_live:
            fetch_time = time.time()
            if no_fragment_score > 30:
                return
            if last_segment_url:
                # Obtain from "X-Head-Seqnum" header value from each segment
                try:
                    urlh = self._request_webpage(
                        last_segment_url, None, note=False, errnote=False, fatal=False)
                except ExtractorError:
                    urlh = None
                last_seq = try_get(urlh, lambda x: int_or_none(x.headers['X-Head-Seqnum']))
                if last_seq is None:
                    no_fragment_score += 2
                    last_segment_url = None
                    continue
            else:
                should_continue, last_seq = _extract_sequence_from_mpd(True, no_fragment_score > 15)
                no_fragment_score += 2
                if not should_continue:
                    continue

            if known_idx > last_seq:
                last_segment_url = None
                continue

            last_seq += 1

            if begin_index < 0 and known_idx < 0:
                # skip from the start when it's negative value
                known_idx = last_seq + begin_index
            if lack_early_segments:
                known_idx = max(known_idx, last_seq - int(MAX_DURATION // fragments[-1]['duration']))
            try:
                for idx in range(known_idx, last_seq):
                    # do not update sequence here or you'll get skipped some part of it
                    should_continue, _ = _extract_sequence_from_mpd(False, False)
                    if not should_continue:
                        known_idx = idx - 1
                        raise ExtractorError('breaking out of outer loop')
                    last_segment_url = urljoin(fragment_base_url, f'sq/{idx}')
                    yield {
                        'url': last_segment_url,
                        'fragment_count': last_seq,
                    }
                if known_idx == last_seq:
                    no_fragment_score += 5
                else:
                    no_fragment_score = 0
                known_idx = last_seq
            except ExtractorError:
                continue

            if manifestless_orig_fmt:
                # Stop at the first iteration if running for post-live manifestless;
                # fragment count no longer increase since it starts
                break

            time.sleep(max(0, FETCH_SPAN + fetch_time - time.time()))

    def _get_player_js_version(self):
        player_js_version = self._configuration_arg('player_js_version', [''])[0] or self._DEFAULT_PLAYER_JS_VERSION
        if player_js_version == 'actual':
            return None, None
        if not re.fullmatch(r'[0-9]{5,}@[0-9a-f]{8,}', player_js_version):
            self.report_warning(
                f'Invalid player JS version "{player_js_version}" specified. '
                f'It should be "actual" or in the format of STS@HASH', only_once=True)
            return None, None
        return player_js_version.split('@')

    def _construct_player_url(self, *, player_id=None, player_url=None):
        assert player_id or player_url, '_construct_player_url must take one of player_id or player_url'
        if not player_id:
            player_id = self._extract_player_info(player_url)

        force_player_id = False
        player_id_override = self._get_player_js_version()[1]
        if player_id_override and player_id_override != player_id:
            force_player_id = f'Forcing player {player_id_override} in place of player {player_id}'
            player_id = player_id_override

        variant = self._configuration_arg('player_js_variant', [''])[0] or self._DEFAULT_PLAYER_JS_VARIANT
        if variant not in (*self._PLAYER_JS_VARIANT_MAP, 'actual'):
            self.report_warning(
                f'Invalid player JS variant name "{variant}" requested. '
                f'Valid choices are: {", ".join(self._PLAYER_JS_VARIANT_MAP)}', only_once=True)
            variant = self._DEFAULT_PLAYER_JS_VARIANT

        if not player_url:
            if force_player_id:
                self.write_debug(force_player_id, only_once=True)
            if variant == 'actual':
                # We don't have an actual variant so we always use 'main' & don't need to write debug
                variant = 'main'
            return urljoin('https://www.youtube.com', f'/s/player/{player_id}/{self._PLAYER_JS_VARIANT_MAP[variant]}')

        actual_variant = self._get_player_id_variant_and_path(player_url)[1]
        if not force_player_id and (variant == 'actual' or variant == actual_variant):
            return urljoin('https://www.youtube.com', player_url)

        if variant == 'actual':
            if actual_variant:
                variant = actual_variant
            else:
                # We need to force player_id but can't determine variant; fall back to 'main' variant
                variant = 'main'

        self.write_debug(join_nonempty(
            force_player_id,
            variant != actual_variant and f'Forcing "{variant}" player JS variant for player {player_id}',
            f'original url = {player_url}',
            delim='\n        '), only_once=True)

        return urljoin('https://www.youtube.com', f'/s/player/{player_id}/{self._PLAYER_JS_VARIANT_MAP[variant]}')

    def _extract_player_url(self, *ytcfgs, webpage=None):
        player_url = traverse_obj(
            ytcfgs, (..., 'PLAYER_JS_URL'), (..., 'WEB_PLAYER_CONTEXT_CONFIGS', ..., 'jsUrl'),
            get_all=False, expected_type=str)
        if not player_url:
            return
        return self._construct_player_url(player_url=player_url)

    def _download_player_url(self, video_id, fatal=False):
        if player_id_override := self._get_player_js_version()[1]:
            self.write_debug(f'Forcing player {player_id_override}', only_once=True)
            return self._construct_player_url(player_id=player_id_override)

        iframe_webpage = self._download_webpage_with_retries(
            'https://www.youtube.com/iframe_api',
            note='Downloading iframe API JS',
            video_id=video_id, retry_fatal=fatal)

        if iframe_webpage:
            player_version = self._search_regex(
                r'player\\?/([0-9a-fA-F]{8})\\?/', iframe_webpage, 'player version', fatal=fatal)
            if player_version:
                return self._construct_player_url(player_id=player_version)

    def _get_player_id_variant_and_path(self, player_url):
        player_id = self._extract_player_info(player_url)
        player_path = remove_start(urllib.parse.urlparse(player_url).path, f'/s/player/{player_id}/')
        variant = self._INVERSE_PLAYER_JS_VARIANT_MAP.get(player_path) or next((
            v for k, v in self._INVERSE_PLAYER_JS_VARIANT_MAP.items()
            if re.fullmatch(re.escape(k).replace('en_US', r'[a-zA-Z0-9_]+'), player_path)), None)
        if not variant:
            self.write_debug(
                f'Unable to determine player JS variant\n'
                f'        player = {player_url}', only_once=True)
        return player_id, variant, player_path

    def _player_js_cache_key(self, player_url):
        player_id, variant, player_path = self._get_player_id_variant_and_path(player_url)
        if not variant:
            variant = re.sub(r'[^a-zA-Z0-9]', '_', remove_end(player_path, '.js'))
        return f'{player_id}-{variant}'

    @classmethod
    def _extract_player_info(cls, player_url):
        for player_re in cls._PLAYER_INFO_RE:
            id_m = re.search(player_re, player_url)
            if id_m:
                break
        else:
            raise ExtractorError(f'Cannot identify player {player_url!r}')
        return id_m.group('id')

    def _load_player(self, video_id, player_url, fatal=True):
        player_js_key = self._player_js_cache_key(player_url)
        if player_js_key not in self._code_cache:
            code = self._download_webpage(
                player_url, video_id, fatal=fatal,
                note=f'Downloading player {player_js_key}',
                errnote=f'Download of {player_js_key} failed')
            if code:
                self._code_cache[player_js_key] = code
        return self._code_cache.get(player_js_key)

    def _load_player_data_from_cache(self, name, player_url, *cache_keys, use_disk_cache=False):
        cache_id = (f'youtube-{name}', self._player_js_cache_key(player_url), *map(str_or_none, cache_keys))
        if cache_id in self._player_cache:
            return self._player_cache[cache_id]

        if not use_disk_cache:
            return None

        data = self.cache.load(cache_id[0], join_nonempty(*cache_id[1:]), min_ver='2025.07.21')
        if data:
            self._player_cache[cache_id] = data

        return data

    def _store_player_data_to_cache(self, data, name, player_url, *cache_keys, use_disk_cache=False):
        cache_id = (f'youtube-{name}', self._player_js_cache_key(player_url), *map(str_or_none, cache_keys))
        if cache_id not in self._player_cache:
            self._player_cache[cache_id] = data
            if use_disk_cache:
                self.cache.store(cache_id[0], join_nonempty(*cache_id[1:]), data)

    def _extract_signature_timestamp(self, video_id, player_url, ytcfg=None, fatal=False):
        """
        Extract signatureTimestamp (sts)
        Required to tell API what sig/player version is in use.
        """

        player_sts_override = self._get_player_js_version()[0]
        if player_sts_override:
            return int(player_sts_override)

        sts = traverse_obj(ytcfg, ('STS', {int_or_none}))
        if sts:
            return sts

        if not player_url:
            error_msg = 'Cannot extract signature timestamp without player url'
            if fatal:
                raise ExtractorError(error_msg)
            self.report_warning(error_msg)
            return None

        # TODO: Pass `use_disk_cache=True` when preprocessed player JS cache is solved
        if sts := self._load_player_data_from_cache('sts', player_url):
            return sts

        if code := self._load_player(video_id, player_url, fatal=fatal):
            sts = int_or_none(self._search_regex(
                r'(?:signatureTimestamp|sts)\s*:\s*(?P<sts>[0-9]{5})', code,
                'JS player signature timestamp', group='sts', fatal=fatal))
            if sts:
                # TODO: Pass `use_disk_cache=True` when preprocessed player JS cache is solved
                self._store_player_data_to_cache(sts, 'sts', player_url)

        return sts

    def _mark_watched(self, video_id, player_responses):
        # cpn generation algorithm is reverse engineered from base.js.
        # In fact it works even with dummy cpn.
        CPN_ALPHABET = 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789-_'
        cpn = ''.join(CPN_ALPHABET[random.randint(0, 256) & 63] for _ in range(16))

        for is_full, key in enumerate(('videostatsPlaybackUrl', 'videostatsWatchtimeUrl')):
            label = 'fully ' if is_full else ''
            url = get_first(player_responses, ('playbackTracking', key, 'baseUrl'),
                            expected_type=url_or_none)
            if not url:
                self.report_warning(f'Unable to mark {label}watched')
                return
            parsed_url = urllib.parse.urlparse(url)
            qs = urllib.parse.parse_qs(parsed_url.query)

            # # more consistent results setting it to right before the end
            video_length = [str(float((qs.get('len') or ['1.5'])[0]) - 1)]

            qs.update({
                'ver': ['2'],
                'cpn': [cpn],
                'cmt': video_length,
                'el': 'detailpage',  # otherwise defaults to "shorts"
            })

            if is_full:
                # these seem to mark watchtime "history" in the real world
                # they're required, so send in a single value
                qs.update({
                    'st': 0,
                    'et': video_length,
                })

            url = urllib.parse.urlunparse(
                parsed_url._replace(query=urllib.parse.urlencode(qs, True)))

            self._download_webpage(
                url, video_id, f'Marking {label}watched',
                'Unable to mark watched', fatal=False)

    @classmethod
    def _extract_from_webpage(cls, url, webpage):
        # Invidious Instances
        # https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/195
        # https://github.com/iv-org/invidious/pull/1730
        mobj = re.search(
            r'<link rel="alternate" href="(?P<url>https://www\.youtube\.com/watch\?v=[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})"',
            webpage)
        if mobj:
            yield cls.url_result(mobj.group('url'), cls)
            raise cls.StopExtraction

        yield from super()._extract_from_webpage(url, webpage)

        # lazyYT YouTube embed
        for id_ in re.findall(r'class="lazyYT" data-youtube-id="([^"]+)"', webpage):
            yield cls.url_result(unescapeHTML(id_), cls, id_)

        # Wordpress "YouTube Video Importer" plugin
        for m in re.findall(r'''(?x)<div[^>]+
                class=(?P<q1>[\'"])[^\'"]*\byvii_single_video_player\b[^\'"]*(?P=q1)[^>]+
                data-video_id=(?P<q2>[\'"])([^\'"]+)(?P=q2)''', webpage):
            yield cls.url_result(m[-1], cls, m[-1])

    @classmethod
    def extract_id(cls, url):
        video_id = cls.get_temp_id(url)
        if not video_id:
            raise ExtractorError(f'Invalid URL: {url}')
        return video_id

    def _extract_chapters_from_json(self, data, duration):
        chapter_list = traverse_obj(
            data, (
                'playerOverlays', 'playerOverlayRenderer', 'decoratedPlayerBarRenderer',
                'decoratedPlayerBarRenderer', 'playerBar', 'chapteredPlayerBarRenderer', 'chapters',
            ), expected_type=list)

        return self._extract_chapters_helper(
            chapter_list,
            start_function=lambda chapter: float_or_none(
                traverse_obj(chapter, ('chapterRenderer', 'timeRangeStartMillis')), scale=1000),
            title_function=lambda chapter: traverse_obj(
                chapter, ('chapterRenderer', 'title', 'simpleText'), expected_type=str),
            duration=duration)

    def _extract_chapters_from_engagement_panel(self, data, duration):
        content_list = traverse_obj(
            data,
            ('engagementPanels', ..., 'engagementPanelSectionListRenderer', 'content', 'macroMarkersListRenderer', 'contents'),
            expected_type=list)
        chapter_time = lambda chapter: parse_duration(self._get_text(chapter, 'timeDescription'))
        chapter_title = lambda chapter: self._get_text(chapter, 'title')

        return next(filter(None, (
            self._extract_chapters_helper(traverse_obj(contents, (..., 'macroMarkersListItemRenderer')),
                                          chapter_time, chapter_title, duration)
            for contents in content_list)), [])

    def _extract_heatmap(self, data):
        return traverse_obj(data, (
            'frameworkUpdates', 'entityBatchUpdate', 'mutations',
            lambda _, v: v['payload']['macroMarkersListEntity']['markersList']['markerType'] == 'MARKER_TYPE_HEATMAP',
            'payload', 'macroMarkersListEntity', 'markersList', 'markers', ..., {
                'start_time': ('startMillis', {float_or_none(scale=1000)}),
                'end_time': {lambda x: (int(x['startMillis']) + int(x['durationMillis'])) / 1000},
                'value': ('intensityScoreNormalized', {float_or_none}),
            })) or None

    def _extract_comment(self, entities, parent=None):
        comment_entity_payload = get_first(entities, ('payload', 'commentEntityPayload', {dict}))
        if not (comment_id := traverse_obj(comment_entity_payload, ('properties', 'commentId', {str}))):
            return

        toolbar_entity_payload = get_first(entities, ('payload', 'engagementToolbarStateEntityPayload', {dict}))
        time_text = traverse_obj(comment_entity_payload, ('properties', 'publishedTime', {str})) or ''

        return {
            'id': comment_id,
            'parent': parent or 'root',
            **traverse_obj(comment_entity_payload, {
                'text': ('properties', 'content', 'content', {str}),
                'like_count': ('toolbar', 'likeCountA11y', {parse_count}),
                'author_id': ('author', 'channelId', {self.ucid_or_none}),
                'author': ('author', 'displayName', {str}),
                'author_thumbnail': ('author', 'avatarThumbnailUrl', {url_or_none}),
                'author_is_uploader': ('author', 'isCreator', {bool}),
                'author_is_verified': ('author', 'isVerified', {bool}),
                'author_url': ('author', 'channelCommand', 'innertubeCommand', (
                    ('browseEndpoint', 'canonicalBaseUrl'), ('commandMetadata', 'webCommandMetadata', 'url'),
                ), {urljoin('https://www.youtube.com')}),
            }, get_all=False),
            'is_favorited': (None if toolbar_entity_payload is None else
                             toolbar_entity_payload.get('heartState') == 'TOOLBAR_HEART_STATE_HEARTED'),
            '_time_text': time_text,  # FIXME: non-standard, but we need a way of showing that it is an estimate.
            'timestamp': self._parse_time_text(time_text),
        }

    def _extract_comment_old(self, comment_renderer, parent=None):
        comment_id = comment_renderer.get('commentId')
        if not comment_id:
            return

        info = {
            'id': comment_id,
            'text': self._get_text(comment_renderer, 'contentText'),
            'like_count': self._get_count(comment_renderer, 'voteCount'),
            'author_id': traverse_obj(comment_renderer, ('authorEndpoint', 'browseEndpoint', 'browseId', {self.ucid_or_none})),
            'author': self._get_text(comment_renderer, 'authorText'),
            'author_thumbnail': traverse_obj(comment_renderer, ('authorThumbnail', 'thumbnails', -1, 'url', {url_or_none})),
            'parent': parent or 'root',
        }

        # Timestamp is an estimate calculated from the current time and time_text
        time_text = self._get_text(comment_renderer, 'publishedTimeText') or ''
        timestamp = self._parse_time_text(time_text)

        info.update({
            # FIXME: non-standard, but we need a way of showing that it is an estimate.
            '_time_text': time_text,
            'timestamp': timestamp,
        })

        info['author_url'] = urljoin(
            'https://www.youtube.com', traverse_obj(comment_renderer, ('authorEndpoint', (
                ('browseEndpoint', 'canonicalBaseUrl'), ('commandMetadata', 'webCommandMetadata', 'url'))),
                expected_type=str, get_all=False))

        author_is_uploader = traverse_obj(comment_renderer, 'authorIsChannelOwner')
        if author_is_uploader is not None:
            info['author_is_uploader'] = author_is_uploader

        comment_abr = traverse_obj(
            comment_renderer, ('actionButtons', 'commentActionButtonsRenderer'), expected_type=dict)
        if comment_abr is not None:
            info['is_favorited'] = 'creatorHeart' in comment_abr

        badges = self._extract_badges([traverse_obj(comment_renderer, 'authorCommentBadge')])
        if self._has_badge(badges, BadgeType.VERIFIED):
            info['author_is_verified'] = True

        is_pinned = traverse_obj(comment_renderer, 'pinnedCommentBadge')
        if is_pinned:
            info['is_pinned'] = True

        return info

    def _comment_entries(self, root_continuation_data, ytcfg, video_id, parent=None, tracker=None, depth=1):

        get_single_config_arg = lambda c: self._configuration_arg(c, [''])[0]

        def extract_header(contents):
            _continuation = None
            for content in contents:
                comments_header_renderer = traverse_obj(content, 'commentsHeaderRenderer')
                expected_comment_count = self._get_count(
                    comments_header_renderer, 'countText', 'commentsCount')

                if expected_comment_count is not None:
                    tracker['est_total'] = expected_comment_count
                    self.to_screen(f'Downloading ~{expected_comment_count} comments')
                comment_sort_index = int(get_single_config_arg('comment_sort') != 'top')  # 1 = new, 0 = top

                sort_menu_item = try_get(
                    comments_header_renderer,
                    lambda x: x['sortMenu']['sortFilterSubMenuRenderer']['subMenuItems'][comment_sort_index], dict) or {}
                sort_continuation_ep = sort_menu_item.get('serviceEndpoint') or {}

                _continuation = self._extract_continuation_ep_data(sort_continuation_ep) or self._extract_continuation(sort_menu_item)
                if not _continuation:
                    continue

                sort_text = str_or_none(sort_menu_item.get('title'))
                if not sort_text:
                    sort_text = 'top comments' if comment_sort_index == 0 else 'newest first'
                self.to_screen(f'Sorting comments by {sort_text.lower()}')
                break
            return _continuation

        def extract_thread(contents, entity_payloads, thread_parent, thread_depth):
            if not thread_parent:
                tracker['current_page_thread'] = 0

            if max_depth < thread_depth:
                return

            for content in contents:
                if not thread_parent and tracker['total_parent_comments'] >= max_parents:
                    yield
                comment_thread_renderer = try_get(content, lambda x: x['commentThreadRenderer'])

                # old comment format
                if not entity_payloads:
                    comment_renderer = get_first(
                        (comment_thread_renderer, content), [['commentRenderer', ('comment', 'commentRenderer')]],
                        expected_type=dict, default={})

                    comment = self._extract_comment_old(comment_renderer, thread_parent)

                # new comment format
                else:
                    view_model = (
                        traverse_obj(comment_thread_renderer, ('commentViewModel', 'commentViewModel', {dict}))
                        or traverse_obj(content, ('commentViewModel', {dict})))
                    comment_keys = traverse_obj(view_model, (('commentKey', 'toolbarStateKey'), {str}))
                    if not comment_keys:
                        continue
                    entities = traverse_obj(entity_payloads, lambda _, v: v['entityKey'] in comment_keys)
                    comment = self._extract_comment(entities, thread_parent)
                    if comment:
                        comment['is_pinned'] = traverse_obj(view_model, ('pinnedText', {str})) is not None

                if not comment:
                    continue
                comment_id = comment['id']

                if comment.get('is_pinned'):
                    tracker['pinned_comment_ids'].add(comment_id)
                # Sometimes YouTube may break and give us infinite looping comments.
                # See: https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/6290
                if comment_id in tracker['seen_comment_ids']:
                    if comment_id in tracker['pinned_comment_ids'] and not comment.get('is_pinned'):
                        # Pinned comments may appear a second time in newest first sort
                        # See: https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/6712
                        continue
                    self.report_warning(
                        'Detected YouTube comments looping. Stopping comment extraction '
                        f'{"for this thread" if thread_parent else ""} as we probably cannot get any more.')
                    yield
                    break  # Safeguard for recursive call in subthreads code path below
                else:
                    tracker['seen_comment_ids'].add(comment_id)

                tracker['running_total'] += 1
                tracker['total_reply_comments' if thread_parent else 'total_parent_comments'] += 1
                yield comment

                # Attempt to get the replies
                comment_replies_renderer = try_get(
                    comment_thread_renderer, lambda x: x['replies']['commentRepliesRenderer'], dict)

                if comment_replies_renderer:
                    subthreads = traverse_obj(comment_replies_renderer, ('subThreads', ..., {dict}))
                    # Recursively extract from `commentThreadRenderer`s in `subThreads`
                    if threads := traverse_obj(subthreads, lambda _, v: v['commentThreadRenderer']):
                        for entry in extract_thread(threads, entity_payloads, comment_id, thread_depth + 1):
                            if entry:
                                yield entry
                        if not traverse_obj(subthreads, lambda _, v: v['continuationItemRenderer']):
                            # All of the subThreads' `continuationItemRenderer`s were within the nested
                            # `commentThreadRenderer`s and are now exhausted, so avoid unnecessary recursion below
                            continue

                    tracker['current_page_thread'] += 1
                    # Recursively extract from `continuationItemRenderer` in `subThreads`
                    comment_entries_iter = self._comment_entries(
                        comment_replies_renderer, ytcfg, video_id,
                        parent=comment_id, tracker=tracker, depth=thread_depth + 1)
                    yield from itertools.islice(comment_entries_iter, min(
                        max_replies_per_thread, max(0, max_replies - tracker['total_reply_comments'])))

        # Keeps track of counts across recursive calls
        if not tracker:
            tracker = {
                'running_total': 0,
                'est_total': None,
                'current_page_thread': 0,
                'total_parent_comments': 0,
                'total_reply_comments': 0,
                'seen_comment_ids': set(),
                'pinned_comment_ids': set(),
            }

        _max_comments, max_parents, max_replies, max_replies_per_thread, max_depth, *_ = (
            int_or_none(p, default=sys.maxsize) for p in self._configuration_arg('max_comments') + [''] * 5)

        if max_depth < depth:
            return

        continuation = self._extract_continuation(root_continuation_data)

        response = None
        is_forced_continuation = False
        is_first_continuation = parent is None
        if is_first_continuation and not continuation:
            # Sometimes you can get comments by generating the continuation yourself,
            # even if YouTube initially reports them being disabled - e.g. stories comments.
            # Note: if the comment section is actually disabled, YouTube may return a response with
            # required check_get_keys missing. So we will disable that check initially in this case.
            continuation = self._build_api_continuation_query(self._generate_comment_continuation(video_id))
            is_forced_continuation = True

        continuation_items_path = (
            'onResponseReceivedEndpoints', ..., ('reloadContinuationItemsCommand', 'appendContinuationItemsAction'), 'continuationItems')
        for page_num in itertools.count(0):
            if not continuation:
                break
            headers = self.generate_api_headers(ytcfg=ytcfg, visitor_data=self._extract_visitor_data(response))
            comment_prog_str = f"({tracker['running_total']}/~{tracker['est_total']})"
            if page_num == 0:
                if is_first_continuation:
                    note_prefix = 'Downloading comment section API JSON'
                else:
                    note_prefix = '    Downloading comment API JSON reply thread %d %s' % (
                        tracker['current_page_thread'], comment_prog_str)
            else:
                # TODO: `parent` is only truthy in this code path with YT's legacy (non-threaded) comment view
                note_prefix = '{}Downloading comment{} API JSON page {} {}'.format(
                    '       ' if parent else '', ' replies' if parent else '',
                    page_num, comment_prog_str)

            # Do a deep check for incomplete data as sometimes YouTube may return no comments for a continuation
            # Ignore check if YouTube says the comment count is 0.
            check_get_keys = None
            if not is_forced_continuation and not (tracker['est_total'] == 0 and tracker['running_total'] == 0):
                check_get_keys = [[*continuation_items_path, ..., (
                    'commentsHeaderRenderer' if is_first_continuation else ('commentThreadRenderer', 'commentViewModel', 'commentRenderer'))]]
            try:
                response = self._extract_response(
                    item_id=None, query=continuation,
                    ep='next', ytcfg=ytcfg, headers=headers, note=note_prefix,
                    check_get_keys=check_get_keys)
            except ExtractorError as e:
                # TODO: This code path is not reached since eb5bdbfa70126c7d5355cc0954b63720522e462c
                # Ignore incomplete data error for replies if retries didn't work.
                # This is to allow any other parent comments and comment threads to be downloaded.
                # See: https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/4669
                if 'incomplete data' in str(e).lower() and parent:
                    if self.get_param('ignoreerrors') in (True, 'only_download'):
                        self.report_warning(
                            'Received incomplete data for a comment reply thread and retrying did not help. '
                            'Ignoring to let other comments be downloaded. Pass --no-ignore-errors to not ignore.')
                        return
                    else:
                        raise ExtractorError(
                            'Incomplete data received for comment reply thread. '
                            'Pass --ignore-errors to ignore and allow rest of comments to download.',
                            expected=True)
                raise
            is_forced_continuation = False
            continuation = None
            mutations = traverse_obj(response, ('frameworkUpdates', 'entityBatchUpdate', 'mutations', ..., {dict}))
            for continuation_items in traverse_obj(response, continuation_items_path, expected_type=list, default=[]):
                if is_first_continuation:
                    continuation = extract_header(continuation_items)
                    is_first_continuation = False
                    if continuation:
                        break
                    continue

                for entry in extract_thread(continuation_items, mutations, parent, depth):
                    if not entry:
                        return
                    yield entry
                continuation = self._extract_continuation({'contents': continuation_items})
                if continuation:
                    break

        message = self._get_text(root_continuation_data, ('contents', ..., 'messageRenderer', 'text'), max_runs=1)
        if message and not parent and tracker['running_total'] == 0:
            self.report_warning(f'Youtube said: {message}', video_id=video_id, only_once=True)
            raise self.CommentsDisabled

    @staticmethod
    def _generate_comment_continuation(video_id):
        """
        Generates initial comment section continuation token from given video id
        """
        token = f'\x12\r\x12\x0b{video_id}\x18\x062\'"\x11"\x0b{video_id}0\x00x\x020\x00B\x10comments-section'
        return base64.b64encode(token.encode()).decode()

    def _get_comments(self, ytcfg, video_id, contents, webpage):
        """Entry for comment extraction"""
        def _real_comment_extract(contents):
            renderer = next((
                item for item in traverse_obj(contents, (..., 'itemSectionRenderer'), default={})
                if item.get('sectionIdentifier') == 'comment-item-section'), None)
            yield from self._comment_entries(renderer, ytcfg, video_id)

        max_comments = int_or_none(self._configuration_arg('max_comments', [''])[0])
        return itertools.islice(_real_comment_extract(contents), 0, max_comments)

    @staticmethod
    def _get_checkok_params():
        return {'contentCheckOk': True, 'racyCheckOk': True}

    @classmethod
    def _generate_player_context(cls, sts=None, use_ad_playback_context=False):
        context = {
            'html5Preference': 'HTML5_PREF_WANTS',
        }
        if sts is not None:
            context['signatureTimestamp'] = sts

        playback_context = {
            'contentPlaybackContext': context,
        }
        if use_ad_playback_context:
            playback_context['adPlaybackContext'] = {
                'pyv': True,
            }

        return {
            'playbackContext': playback_context,
            **cls._get_checkok_params(),
        }

    def _get_config_po_token(self, client: str, context: _PoTokenContext):
        po_token_strs = self._configuration_arg('po_token', [], ie_key=YoutubeIE, casesense=True)
        for token_str in po_token_strs:
            po_token_meta, sep, po_token = token_str.partition('+')
            if not sep:
                self.report_warning(
                    f'Invalid po_token configuration format. '
                    f'Expected "CLIENT.CONTEXT+PO_TOKEN", got "{token_str}"', only_once=True)
                continue

            po_token_client, sep, po_token_context = po_token_meta.partition('.')
            if po_token_client.lower() != client:
                continue

            if not sep:
                # TODO(future): deprecate the old format?
                self.write_debug(
                    f'po_token configuration for {client} client is missing a context; assuming GVS. '
                    'You can provide a context with the format "CLIENT.CONTEXT+PO_TOKEN"',
                    only_once=True)
                po_token_context = _PoTokenContext.GVS.value

            if po_token_context.lower() != context.value:
                continue

            # Clean and validate the PO Token. This will strip invalid characters off
            # (e.g. additional url params the user may accidentally include)
            try:
                return base64.urlsafe_b64encode(base64.urlsafe_b64decode(urllib.parse.unquote(po_token))).decode()
            except (binascii.Error, ValueError):
                self.report_warning(
                    f'Invalid po_token configuration for {client} client: '
                    f'{po_token_context} PO Token should be a base64url-encoded string.',
                    only_once=True)
                continue

    def fetch_po_token(self, client='web', context: _PoTokenContext = _PoTokenContext.GVS, ytcfg=None, visitor_data=None,
                       data_sync_id=None, session_index=None, player_url=None, video_id=None, webpage=None,
                       required=False, **kwargs):
        """
        Fetch a PO Token for a given client and context. This function will validate required parameters for a given context and client.

        EXPERIMENTAL: This method is unstable and may change or be removed without notice.

        @param client: The client to fetch the PO Token for.
        @param context: The context in which the PO Token is used.
        @param ytcfg: The ytcfg for the client.
        @param visitor_data: visitor data.
        @param data_sync_id: data sync ID.
        @param session_index: session index.
        @param player_url: player URL.
        @param video_id: video ID.
        @param webpage: video webpage.
        @param required: Whether the PO Token is required (i.e. try to fetch unless policy is "never").
        @param kwargs: Additional arguments to pass down. May be more added in the future.
        @return: The fetched PO Token. None if it could not be fetched.
        """

        # TODO(future): This validation should be moved into pot framework.
        #  Some sort of middleware or validation provider perhaps?

        gvs_bind_to_video_id = False
        experiments = traverse_obj(ytcfg, (
            'WEB_PLAYER_CONTEXT_CONFIGS', ..., 'serializedExperimentFlags', {urllib.parse.parse_qs}))
        if 'true' in traverse_obj(experiments, (..., 'html5_generate_content_po_token', -1)):
            self.write_debug(
                f'{video_id}: Detected experiment to bind GVS PO Token '
                f'to video ID for {client} client', only_once=True)
            gvs_bind_to_video_id = True

        # GVS WebPO Token is bound to visitor_data / Visitor ID when logged out.
        # Must have visitor_data for it to function.
        if (
            player_url and context == _PoTokenContext.GVS
            and not visitor_data and not self.is_authenticated and not gvs_bind_to_video_id
        ):
            self.report_warning(
                f'Unable to fetch GVS PO Token for {client} client: Missing required Visitor Data. '
                f'You may need to pass Visitor Data with --extractor-args "youtube:visitor_data=XXX"', only_once=True)
            return

        if context == _PoTokenContext.PLAYER and not video_id:
            self.report_warning(
                f'Unable to fetch Player PO Token for {client} client: Missing required Video ID')
            return

        config_po_token = self._get_config_po_token(client, context)
        if config_po_token:
            # GVS WebPO token is bound to data_sync_id / account Session ID when logged in.
            if (
                player_url and context == _PoTokenContext.GVS
                and not data_sync_id and self.is_authenticated and not gvs_bind_to_video_id
            ):
                self.report_warning(
                    f'Got a GVS PO Token for {client} client, but missing Data Sync ID for account. Formats may not work.'
                    f'You may need to pass a Data Sync ID with --extractor-args "youtube:data_sync_id=XXX"')

            self.write_debug(f'{video_id}: Retrieved a {context.value} PO Token for {client} client from config')
            return config_po_token

        # Require GVS WebPO Token if logged in for external fetching
        if player_url and context == _PoTokenContext.GVS and not data_sync_id and self.is_authenticated:
            self.report_warning(
                f'Unable to fetch GVS PO Token for {client} client: Missing required Data Sync ID for account. '
                f'You may need to pass a Data Sync ID with --extractor-args "youtube:data_sync_id=XXX"', only_once=True)
            return

        po_token = self._fetch_po_token(
            client=client,
            context=context.value,
            ytcfg=ytcfg,
            visitor_data=visitor_data,
            data_sync_id=data_sync_id,
            session_index=session_index,
            player_url=player_url,
            video_id=video_id,
            video_webpage=webpage,
            required=required,
            _gvs_bind_to_video_id=gvs_bind_to_video_id,
            **kwargs,
        )

        if po_token:
            self.write_debug(f'{video_id}: Retrieved a {context.value} PO Token for {client} client')
            return po_token

    def _fetch_po_token(self, client, **kwargs):
        context = kwargs.get('context')

        # Avoid fetching PO Tokens when not required
        fetch_pot_policy = self._configuration_arg('fetch_pot', [''], ie_key=YoutubeIE)[0]
        if fetch_pot_policy not in ('never', 'auto', 'always'):
            fetch_pot_policy = 'auto'
        if (
            fetch_pot_policy == 'never'
            or (
                fetch_pot_policy == 'auto'
                and not kwargs.get('required', False)
            )
        ):
            return None

        headers = self.get_param('http_headers').copy()
        proxies = self._downloader.proxies.copy()
        clean_headers(headers)
        clean_proxies(proxies, headers)

        innertube_host = self._select_api_hostname(None, default_client=client)

        pot_request = PoTokenRequest(
            context=PoTokenContext(context),
            innertube_context=traverse_obj(kwargs, ('ytcfg', 'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT')),
            innertube_host=innertube_host,
            internal_client_name=client,
            session_index=kwargs.get('session_index'),
            player_url=kwargs.get('player_url'),
            video_webpage=kwargs.get('video_webpage'),
            is_authenticated=self.is_authenticated,
            visitor_data=kwargs.get('visitor_data'),
            data_sync_id=kwargs.get('data_sync_id'),
            video_id=kwargs.get('video_id'),
            request_cookiejar=self._downloader.cookiejar,
            _gvs_bind_to_video_id=kwargs.get('_gvs_bind_to_video_id', False),

            # All requests that would need to be proxied should be in the
            # context of www.youtube.com or the innertube host
            request_proxy=(
                select_proxy('https://www.youtube.com', proxies)
                or select_proxy(f'https://{innertube_host}', proxies)
            ),
            request_headers=headers,
            request_timeout=self.get_param('socket_timeout'),
            request_verify_tls=not self.get_param('nocheckcertificate'),
            request_source_address=self.get_param('source_address'),

            bypass_cache=False,
        )

        return self._pot_director.get_po_token(pot_request)

    @staticmethod
    def _is_agegated(player_response):
        if traverse_obj(player_response, ('playabilityStatus', 'desktopLegacyAgeGateReason')):
            return True

        reasons = traverse_obj(player_response, ('playabilityStatus', ('status', 'reason')))
        AGE_GATE_REASONS = (
            'confirm your age', 'age-restricted', 'inappropriate',  # reason
            'age_verification_required', 'age_check_required',  # status
        )
        return any(expected in reason for expected in AGE_GATE_REASONS for reason in reasons)

    @staticmethod
    def _is_unplayable(player_response):
        return traverse_obj(player_response, ('playabilityStatus', 'status')) == 'UNPLAYABLE'

    def _extract_player_response(self, client, video_id, webpage_ytcfg, player_ytcfg, player_url, initial_pr, visitor_data, data_sync_id, po_token):
        headers = self.generate_api_headers(
            ytcfg=player_ytcfg,
            default_client=client,
            visitor_data=visitor_data,
            session_index=self._extract_session_index(webpage_ytcfg, player_ytcfg),
            delegated_session_id=(
                self._parse_data_sync_id(data_sync_id)[0]
                or self._extract_delegated_session_id(webpage_ytcfg, initial_pr, player_ytcfg)
            ),
            user_session_id=(
                self._parse_data_sync_id(data_sync_id)[1]
                or self._extract_user_session_id(webpage_ytcfg, initial_pr, player_ytcfg)
            ),
        )

        yt_query = {
            'videoId': video_id,
        }

        default_pp = traverse_obj(
            INNERTUBE_CLIENTS, (_split_innertube_client(client)[0], 'PLAYER_PARAMS', {str}))
        if player_params := self._configuration_arg('player_params', [default_pp], casesense=True)[0]:
            yt_query['params'] = player_params

        if po_token:
            yt_query['serviceIntegrityDimensions'] = {'poToken': po_token}

        sts = self._extract_signature_timestamp(video_id, player_url, webpage_ytcfg, fatal=False) if player_url else None

        use_ad_playback_context = (
            self._configuration_arg('use_ad_playback_context', ['false'])[0] != 'false'
            and traverse_obj(INNERTUBE_CLIENTS, (client, 'SUPPORTS_AD_PLAYBACK_CONTEXT', {bool})))

        yt_query.update(self._generate_player_context(sts, use_ad_playback_context))

        return self._extract_response(
            item_id=video_id, ep='player', query=yt_query,
            ytcfg=player_ytcfg, headers=headers, fatal=True,
            default_client=client,
            note='Downloading {} player API JSON'.format(client.replace('_', ' ').strip()),
        ) or None

    def _get_requested_clients(self, url, smuggled_data, is_premium_subscriber):
        requested_clients = []
        excluded_clients = []
        js_runtime_available = any(p.is_available() for p in self._jsc_director.providers.values())
        default_clients = (
            self._DEFAULT_PREMIUM_CLIENTS if is_premium_subscriber
            else self._DEFAULT_AUTHED_CLIENTS if self.is_authenticated
            else self._DEFAULT_JSLESS_CLIENTS if not js_runtime_available
            else self._DEFAULT_CLIENTS
        )
        allowed_clients = sorted(
            (client for client in INNERTUBE_CLIENTS if client[:1] != '_'),
            key=lambda client: INNERTUBE_CLIENTS[client]['priority'], reverse=True)
        for client in self._configuration_arg('player_client'):
            if client == 'default':
                requested_clients.extend(default_clients)
            elif client == 'all':
                requested_clients.extend(allowed_clients)
            elif client.startswith('-'):
                excluded_clients.append(client[1:])
            elif client not in allowed_clients:
                self.report_warning(f'Skipping unsupported client "{client}"')
            else:
                requested_clients.append(client)

        if not (requested_clients or excluded_clients) and default_clients == self._DEFAULT_JSLESS_CLIENTS:
            self.report_warning(
                f'No supported JavaScript runtime could be found. Only deno is enabled by default; '
                f'to use another runtime add  --js-runtimes RUNTIME[:PATH]  to your command/config. '
                f'YouTube extraction without a JS runtime has been deprecated, and some formats may be missing. '
                f'See  {_EJS_WIKI_URL}  for details on installing one', only_once=True)

        if not requested_clients:
            requested_clients.extend(default_clients)
        for excluded_client in excluded_clients:
            if excluded_client in requested_clients:
                requested_clients.remove(excluded_client)
        if not requested_clients:
            raise ExtractorError('No player clients have been requested', expected=True)

        if self.is_authenticated:
            if (smuggled_data.get('is_music_url') or self.is_music_url(url)) and 'web_music' not in requested_clients:
                requested_clients.append('web_music')

            unsupported_clients = [
                client for client in requested_clients if not INNERTUBE_CLIENTS[client]['SUPPORTS_COOKIES']
            ]
            for client in unsupported_clients:
                self.report_warning(f'Skipping client "{client}" since it does not support cookies', only_once=True)
                requested_clients.remove(client)

        return orderedSet(requested_clients)

    def _invalid_player_response(self, pr, video_id):
        # YouTube may return a different video player response than expected.
        # See: https://github.com/TeamNewPipe/NewPipe/issues/8713
        if (pr_id := traverse_obj(pr, ('videoDetails', 'videoId'))) != video_id:
            return pr_id

    def _extract_player_responses(self, clients, video_id, webpage, webpage_client, webpage_ytcfg, is_premium_subscriber):
        initial_pr = None
        if webpage:
            initial_pr = self._search_json(
                self._YT_INITIAL_PLAYER_RESPONSE_RE, webpage,
                f'{webpage_client} client initial player response', video_id, fatal=False)

        prs = []
        deprioritized_prs = []

        if initial_pr and not self._invalid_player_response(initial_pr, video_id):
            # Android player_response does not have microFormats which are needed for
            # extraction of some data. So we return the initial_pr with formats
            # stripped out even if not requested by the user
            # See: https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/501
            prs.append({**initial_pr, 'streamingData': None})

        all_clients = set(clients)
        clients = clients[::-1]

        def append_client(*client_names):
            """ Append the first client name that exists but not already used """
            for client_name in client_names:
                actual_client = _split_innertube_client(client_name)[0]
                if actual_client in INNERTUBE_CLIENTS:
                    if actual_client not in all_clients:
                        clients.append(client_name)
                        all_clients.add(actual_client)
                        return

        tried_iframe_fallback = False
        player_url = visitor_data = data_sync_id = None
        skipped_clients = {}
        while clients:
            deprioritize_pr = False
            client, base_client, variant = _split_innertube_client(clients.pop())
            player_ytcfg = webpage_ytcfg if client == webpage_client else {}
            if 'configs' not in self._configuration_arg('player_skip') and client != webpage_client:
                player_ytcfg = self._download_ytcfg(client, video_id) or player_ytcfg

            player_url = player_url or self._extract_player_url(webpage_ytcfg, player_ytcfg, webpage=webpage)
            require_js_player = self._get_default_ytcfg(client).get('REQUIRE_JS_PLAYER')
            if 'js' in self._configuration_arg('player_skip'):
                require_js_player = False
                player_url = None

            if not player_url and not tried_iframe_fallback and require_js_player:
                player_url = self._download_player_url(video_id)
                tried_iframe_fallback = True

            pr = None
            if client == webpage_client and 'player_response' not in self._configuration_arg('webpage_skip'):
                pr = initial_pr

            visitor_data = visitor_data or self._extract_visitor_data(webpage_ytcfg, initial_pr, player_ytcfg)
            data_sync_id = data_sync_id or self._extract_data_sync_id(webpage_ytcfg, initial_pr, player_ytcfg)

            fetch_po_token_args = {
                'client': client,
                'visitor_data': visitor_data,
                'video_id': video_id,
                'data_sync_id': data_sync_id if self.is_authenticated else None,
                'player_url': player_url if require_js_player else None,
                'webpage': webpage,
                'session_index': self._extract_session_index(webpage_ytcfg, player_ytcfg),
                'ytcfg': player_ytcfg or self._get_default_ytcfg(client),
            }

            # Don't need a player PO token for WEB if using player response from webpage
            player_pot_policy: PlayerPoTokenPolicy = self._get_default_ytcfg(client)['PLAYER_PO_TOKEN_POLICY']
            player_po_token = None if pr else self.fetch_po_token(
                context=_PoTokenContext.PLAYER, **fetch_po_token_args,
                required=player_pot_policy.required or player_pot_policy.recommended)

            fetch_gvs_po_token_func = functools.partial(
                self.fetch_po_token, context=_PoTokenContext.GVS, **fetch_po_token_args)

            fetch_subs_po_token_func = functools.partial(
                self.fetch_po_token, context=_PoTokenContext.SUBS, **fetch_po_token_args)

            try:
                pr = pr or self._extract_player_response(
                    client, video_id,
                    webpage_ytcfg=player_ytcfg or webpage_ytcfg,
                    player_ytcfg=player_ytcfg,
                    player_url=player_url,
                    initial_pr=initial_pr,
                    visitor_data=visitor_data,
                    data_sync_id=data_sync_id,
                    po_token=player_po_token)
            except ExtractorError as e:
                self.report_warning(e)
                continue

            if pr_id := self._invalid_player_response(pr, video_id):
                skipped_clients[client] = pr_id
            elif pr:
                # Save client details for introspection later
                innertube_context = traverse_obj(player_ytcfg or self._get_default_ytcfg(client), 'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT')
                sd = pr.setdefault('streamingData', {})
                sd[STREAMING_DATA_CLIENT_NAME] = client
                sd[STREAMING_DATA_FETCH_GVS_PO_TOKEN] = fetch_gvs_po_token_func
                sd[STREAMING_DATA_PLAYER_TOKEN_PROVIDED] = bool(player_po_token)
                sd[STREAMING_DATA_INNERTUBE_CONTEXT] = innertube_context
                sd[STREAMING_DATA_FETCH_SUBS_PO_TOKEN] = fetch_subs_po_token_func
                sd[STREAMING_DATA_IS_PREMIUM_SUBSCRIBER] = is_premium_subscriber
                sd[STREAMING_DATA_AVAILABLE_AT_TIMESTAMP] = self._get_available_at_timestamp(pr, video_id, client)
                for f in traverse_obj(sd, (('formats', 'adaptiveFormats'), ..., {dict})):
                    f[STREAMING_DATA_CLIENT_NAME] = client
                    f[STREAMING_DATA_FETCH_GVS_PO_TOKEN] = fetch_gvs_po_token_func
                    f[STREAMING_DATA_IS_PREMIUM_SUBSCRIBER] = is_premium_subscriber
                    f[STREAMING_DATA_PLAYER_TOKEN_PROVIDED] = bool(player_po_token)
                if deprioritize_pr:
                    deprioritized_prs.append(pr)
                else:
                    prs.append(pr)

            if (
                # Is this a "made for kids" video that can't be downloaded with android_vr?
                client == 'android_vr' and self._is_unplayable(pr)
                and webpage and 'made for kids' in webpage
                # ...and is a JS runtime is available?
                and any(p.is_available() for p in self._jsc_director.providers.values())
            ):
                append_client('web_embedded')

            # web_embedded can work around age-gate and age-verification for some embeddable videos
            if self._is_agegated(pr) and variant != 'web_embedded':
                append_client(f'web_embedded.{base_client}')
            # Unauthenticated users will only get web_embedded client formats if age-gated
            if self._is_agegated(pr) and not self.is_authenticated:
                self.to_screen(
                    f'{video_id}: This video is age-restricted; some formats may be missing '
                    f'without authentication. {self._youtube_login_hint}', only_once=True)

            # EU countries require age-verification for accounts to access age-restricted videos
            # If account is not age-verified, _is_agegated() will be truthy for non-embedded clients
            embedding_is_disabled = variant == 'web_embedded' and self._is_unplayable(pr)
            if self.is_authenticated and (self._is_agegated(pr) or embedding_is_disabled):
                self.to_screen(
                    f'{video_id}: This video is age-restricted and YouTube is requiring '
                    'account age-verification; some formats may be missing', only_once=True)
                # web_creator may work around age-verification for all videos but requires PO token
                append_client('web_creator')

            status = traverse_obj(pr, ('playabilityStatus', 'status', {str}))
            if status not in ('OK', 'LIVE_STREAM_OFFLINE', 'AGE_CHECK_REQUIRED', 'AGE_VERIFICATION_REQUIRED'):
                self.write_debug(f'{video_id}: {client} player response playability status: {status}')

        prs.extend(deprioritized_prs)

        if skipped_clients:
            self.report_warning(
                f'Skipping player responses from {"/".join(skipped_clients)} clients '
                f'(got player responses for video "{"/".join(set(skipped_clients.values()))}" instead of "{video_id}")')
            if not prs:
                raise ExtractorError(
                    'All player responses are invalid. Your IP is likely being blocked by Youtube', expected=True)
        elif not prs:
            raise ExtractorError('Failed to extract any player response')
        return prs, player_url

    def _needs_live_processing(self, live_status, duration):
        if ((live_status == 'is_live' and self.get_param('live_from_start'))
                or (live_status == 'post_live' and (duration or 0) > 2 * 3600)):
            return live_status

    def _report_pot_format_skipped(self, video_id, client_name, proto):
        msg = (
            f'{video_id}: {client_name} client {proto} formats require a GVS PO Token which was not provided. '
            'They will be skipped as they may yield HTTP Error 403. '
            f'You can manually pass a GVS PO Token for this client with --extractor-args "youtube:po_token={client_name}.gvs+XXX". '
            f'For more information, refer to  {PO_TOKEN_GUIDE_URL}')

        # Only raise a warning for non-default clients, to not confuse users.
        if client_name in (*self._DEFAULT_CLIENTS, *self._DEFAULT_AUTHED_CLIENTS):
            self.write_debug(msg, only_once=True)
        else:
            self.report_warning(msg, only_once=True)

    def _report_pot_subtitles_skipped(self, video_id, client_name, msg=None):
        msg = msg or (
            f'{video_id}: Some {client_name} client subtitles require a PO Token which was not provided. '
            'They will be discarded since they are not downloadable as-is. '
            f'You can manually pass a Subtitles PO Token for this client with '
            f'--extractor-args "youtube:po_token={client_name}.subs+XXX" . '
            f'For more information, refer to  {PO_TOKEN_GUIDE_URL}')

        subs_wanted = any((
            self.get_param('writesubtitles'),
            self.get_param('writeautomaticsub'),
            self.get_param('listsubtitles')))

        # Only raise a warning for non-default clients, to not confuse users.
        if not subs_wanted or client_name in (*self._DEFAULT_CLIENTS, *self._DEFAULT_AUTHED_CLIENTS):
            self.write_debug(msg, only_once=True)
        else:
            self.report_warning(msg, only_once=True)

    def _extract_formats_and_subtitles(self, video_id, player_responses, player_url, live_status, duration):
        CHUNK_SIZE = 10 << 20
        ORIGINAL_LANG_VALUE = 10
        DEFAULT_LANG_VALUE = 5
        language_map = {
            ORIGINAL_LANG_VALUE: None,
            DEFAULT_LANG_VALUE: None,
        }
        itags, stream_ids = collections.defaultdict(set), []
        itag_qualities, res_qualities = {}, {0: None}
        subtitles = {}
        q = qualities([
            # Normally tiny is the smallest video-only formats. But
            # audio-only formats with unknown quality may get tagged as tiny
            'tiny',
            'audio_quality_ultralow', 'audio_quality_low', 'audio_quality_medium', 'audio_quality_high',  # Audio only formats
            'small', 'medium', 'large', 'hd720', 'hd1080', 'hd1440', 'hd2160', 'hd2880', 'highres',
        ])
        skip_player_js = 'js' in self._configuration_arg('player_skip')
        format_types = self._configuration_arg('formats')
        all_formats = 'duplicate' in format_types
        if self._configuration_arg('include_duplicate_formats'):
            all_formats = True
            self._downloader.deprecated_feature('[youtube] include_duplicate_formats extractor argument is deprecated. '
                                                'Use formats=duplicate extractor argument instead')

        def is_super_resolution(f_url):
            return '1' in traverse_obj(f_url, ({parse_qs}, 'xtags', ..., {urllib.parse.parse_qs}, 'sr', ...))

        def solve_sig(s, spec):
            return ''.join(s[i] for i in spec)

        def build_fragments(f):
            return LazyList({
                'url': update_url_query(f['url'], {
                    'range': f'{range_start}-{min(range_start + CHUNK_SIZE - 1, f["filesize"])}',
                }),
            } for range_start in range(0, f['filesize'], CHUNK_SIZE))

        def gvs_pot_required(policy, is_premium_subscriber, has_player_token):
            return (
                policy.required
                and not (policy.not_required_with_player_token and has_player_token)
                and not (policy.not_required_for_premium and is_premium_subscriber))

        # save pots per client to avoid fetching again
        gvs_pots = {}

        def get_language_code_and_preference(fmt_stream):
            audio_track = fmt_stream.get('audioTrack') or {}
            display_name = audio_track.get('displayName') or ''
            language_code = audio_track.get('id', '').split('.')[0] or None
            if 'descriptive' in display_name.lower():
                return join_nonempty(language_code, 'desc'), -10
            if 'original' in display_name.lower():
                if language_code and not language_map.get(ORIGINAL_LANG_VALUE):
                    language_map[ORIGINAL_LANG_VALUE] = language_code
                return language_code, ORIGINAL_LANG_VALUE
            if audio_track.get('audioIsDefault'):
                if language_code and not language_map.get(DEFAULT_LANG_VALUE):
                    language_map[DEFAULT_LANG_VALUE] = language_code
                return language_code, DEFAULT_LANG_VALUE
            return language_code, -1

        def get_manifest_n_challenge(manifest_url):
            if not url_or_none(manifest_url):
                return None
            # Same pattern that the player JS uses to read/replace the n challenge value
            return self._search_regex(
                r'/n/([^/]+)/', urllib.parse.urlparse(manifest_url).path,
                'n challenge', default=None)

        n_challenges = set()
        s_challenges = set()

        def solve_js_challenges():
            # Solve all n/sig challenges in bulk and store the results in self._player_cache
            challenge_requests = []
            if n_challenges:
                challenge_requests.append(JsChallengeRequest(
                    type=JsChallengeType.N,
                    video_id=video_id,
                    input=NChallengeInput(challenges=list(n_challenges), player_url=player_url)))
            if s_challenges:
                cached_sigfuncs = set()
                for spec_id in s_challenges:
                    if self._load_player_data_from_cache('sigfuncs', player_url, spec_id, use_disk_cache=True):
                        cached_sigfuncs.add(spec_id)
                s_challenges.difference_update(cached_sigfuncs)

                challenge_requests.append(JsChallengeRequest(
                    type=JsChallengeType.SIG,
                    video_id=video_id,
                    input=SigChallengeInput(
                        challenges=[''.join(map(chr, range(spec_id))) for spec_id in s_challenges],
                        player_url=player_url)))

            if challenge_requests:
                for _challenge_request, challenge_response in self._jsc_director.bulk_solve(challenge_requests):
                    if challenge_response.type == JsChallengeType.SIG:
                        for challenge, result in challenge_response.output.results.items():
                            spec_id = len(challenge)
                            self._store_player_data_to_cache(
                                [ord(c) for c in result], 'sigfuncs',
                                player_url, spec_id, use_disk_cache=True)
                            if spec_id in s_challenges:
                                s_challenges.remove(spec_id)

                    elif challenge_response.type == JsChallengeType.N:
                        for challenge, result in challenge_response.output.results.items():
                            self._store_player_data_to_cache(result, 'n', player_url, challenge)
                            if challenge in n_challenges:
                                n_challenges.remove(challenge)

                # Raise warning if any challenge requests remain
                # Depending on type of challenge request
                help_message = (
                    'Ensure you have a supported JavaScript runtime and '
                    'challenge solver script distribution installed. '
                    'Review any warnings presented before this message. '
                    f'For more details, refer to  {_EJS_WIKI_URL}')
                if s_challenges:
                    self.report_warning(
                        f'Signature solving failed: Some formats may be missing. {help_message}',
                        video_id=video_id, only_once=True)
                if n_challenges:
                    self.report_warning(
                        f'n challenge solving failed: Some formats may be missing. {help_message}',
                        video_id=video_id, only_once=True)

                # Clear challenge sets so that any subsequent call of this function is a no-op
                s_challenges.clear()
                n_challenges.clear()

        # 1st pass to collect all n/sig challenges so they can later be solved at once in bulk
        for streaming_data in traverse_obj(player_responses, (..., 'streamingData', {dict})):
            # HTTPS formats
            for fmt_stream in traverse_obj(streaming_data, (('formats', 'adaptiveFormats'), ..., {dict})):
                fmt_url = fmt_stream.get('url')
                s_challenge = None
                if not fmt_url:
                    sc = urllib.parse.parse_qs(fmt_stream.get('signatureCipher'))
                    fmt_url = traverse_obj(sc, ('url', 0, {url_or_none}))
                    s_challenge = traverse_obj(sc, ('s', 0))

                if s_challenge:
                    s_challenges.add(len(s_challenge))

                if n_challenge := traverse_obj(fmt_url, ({parse_qs}, 'n', 0)):
                    n_challenges.add(n_challenge)

            # Manifest formats
            n_challenges.update(traverse_obj(
                streaming_data, (('hlsManifestUrl', 'dashManifestUrl'), {get_manifest_n_challenge})))

        # Final pass to extract formats and solve n/sig challenges as needed
        for pr in player_responses:
            streaming_data = traverse_obj(pr, 'streamingData')
            if not streaming_data:
                continue
            fetch_po_token_func = streaming_data[STREAMING_DATA_FETCH_GVS_PO_TOKEN]
            is_premium_subscriber = streaming_data[STREAMING_DATA_IS_PREMIUM_SUBSCRIBER]
            player_token_provided = streaming_data[STREAMING_DATA_PLAYER_TOKEN_PROVIDED]
            client_name = streaming_data.get(STREAMING_DATA_CLIENT_NAME)
            available_at = streaming_data[STREAMING_DATA_AVAILABLE_AT_TIMESTAMP]
            streaming_formats = traverse_obj(streaming_data, (('formats', 'adaptiveFormats'), ...))

            def get_stream_id(fmt_stream):
                return str_or_none(fmt_stream.get('itag')), traverse_obj(fmt_stream, 'audioTrack', 'id'), fmt_stream.get('isDrc')

            def process_format_stream(fmt_stream, proto, missing_pot, super_resolution=False):
                itag = str_or_none(fmt_stream.get('itag'))
                audio_track = fmt_stream.get('audioTrack') or {}
                quality = fmt_stream.get('quality')
                height = int_or_none(fmt_stream.get('height'))
                if quality == 'tiny' or not quality:
                    quality = fmt_stream.get('audioQuality', '').lower() or quality
                # The 3gp format (17) in android client has a quality of "small",
                # but is actually worse than other formats
                if itag == '17':
                    quality = 'tiny'
                if quality:
                    if itag:
                        itag_qualities[itag] = quality
                    if height:
                        res_qualities[height] = quality

                language_code, language_preference = get_language_code_and_preference(fmt_stream)

                has_drm = bool(fmt_stream.get('drmFamilies'))

                if has_drm:
                    msg = f'Some {client_name} client {proto} formats have been skipped as they are DRM protected. '
                    if client_name == 'tv':
                        msg += (
                            f'{"Your account" if self.is_authenticated else "The current session"} may have '
                            f'an experiment that applies DRM to all videos on the tv client. '
                            f'See  https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12563  for more details.'
                        )
                    self.report_warning(msg, video_id, only_once=True)

                tbr = float_or_none(fmt_stream.get('averageBitrate') or fmt_stream.get('bitrate'), 1000)
                format_duration = traverse_obj(fmt_stream, ('approxDurationMs', {float_or_none(scale=1000)}))
                # Some formats may have much smaller duration than others (possibly damaged during encoding)
                # E.g. 2-nOtRESiUc Ref: https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/2823
                # Make sure to avoid false positives with small duration differences.
                # E.g. __2ABJjxzNo, ySuUZEjARPY
                is_damaged = try_call(lambda: format_duration < duration // 2)
                if is_damaged:
                    self.report_warning(
                        f'Some {client_name} client {proto} formats are possibly damaged. They will be deprioritized', video_id, only_once=True)

                if missing_pot and 'missing_pot' not in self._configuration_arg('formats'):
                    self._report_pot_format_skipped(video_id, client_name, proto)
                    return None

                name = fmt_stream.get('qualityLabel') or quality.replace('audio_quality_', '') or ''
                fps = int_or_none(fmt_stream.get('fps')) or 0
                dct = {
                    'asr': int_or_none(fmt_stream.get('audioSampleRate')),
                    'filesize': int_or_none(fmt_stream.get('contentLength')),
                    'format_id': join_nonempty(itag, (
                        'drc' if fmt_stream.get('isDrc')
                        else 'sr' if super_resolution
                        else None)),
                    'format_note': join_nonempty(
                        join_nonempty(audio_track.get('displayName'), audio_track.get('audioIsDefault') and '(default)', delim=' '),
                        name, fmt_stream.get('isDrc') and 'DRC', super_resolution and 'AI-upscaled',
                        try_get(fmt_stream, lambda x: x['projectionType'].replace('RECTANGULAR', '').lower()),
                        try_get(fmt_stream, lambda x: x['spatialAudioType'].replace('SPATIAL_AUDIO_TYPE_', '').lower()),
                        is_damaged and 'DAMAGED', missing_pot and 'MISSING POT',
                        (self.get_param('verbose') or all_formats) and short_client_name(client_name),
                        delim=', '),
                    # Format 22 is likely to be damaged. See https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/3372
                    'source_preference': (-5 if itag == '22' else -1) + (100 if 'Premium' in name else 0),
                    'fps': fps if fps > 1 else None,  # For some formats, fps is wrongly returned as 1
                    'audio_channels': fmt_stream.get('audioChannels'),
                    'height': height,
                    'quality': q(quality) - bool(fmt_stream.get('isDrc')) / 2,
                    'has_drm': has_drm,
                    'tbr': tbr,
                    'filesize_approx': filesize_from_tbr(tbr, format_duration),
                    'width': int_or_none(fmt_stream.get('width')),
                    'language': language_code,
                    'language_preference': language_preference,
                    # Strictly de-prioritize damaged and 3gp formats
                    'preference': -10 if is_damaged else -2 if itag == '17' else None,
                }
                mime_mobj = re.match(
                    r'((?:[^/]+)/(?:[^;]+))(?:;\s*codecs="([^"]+)")?', fmt_stream.get('mimeType') or '')
                if mime_mobj:
                    dct['ext'] = mimetype2ext(mime_mobj.group(1))
                    dct.update(parse_codecs(mime_mobj.group(2)))

                single_stream = 'none' in (dct.get('acodec'), dct.get('vcodec'))
                if single_stream and dct.get('ext'):
                    dct['container'] = dct['ext'] + '_dash'

                return dct

            def process_https_formats():
                proto = 'https'
                https_fmts = []

                for fmt_stream in streaming_formats:
                    if fmt_stream.get('targetDurationSec'):
                        continue

                    # FORMAT_STREAM_TYPE_OTF(otf=1) requires downloading the init fragment
                    # (adding `&sq=0` to the URL) and parsing emsg box to determine the
                    # number of fragment that would subsequently requested with (`&sq=N`)
                    if fmt_stream.get('type') == 'FORMAT_STREAM_TYPE_OTF' and not bool(fmt_stream.get('drmFamilies')):
                        continue

                    stream_id = get_stream_id(fmt_stream)
                    if not all_formats:
                        if stream_id in stream_ids:
                            continue

                    pot_policy: GvsPoTokenPolicy = self._get_default_ytcfg(client_name)['GVS_PO_TOKEN_POLICY'][StreamingProtocol.HTTPS]

                    require_po_token = (
                        stream_id[0] not in ['18']
                        and gvs_pot_required(pot_policy, is_premium_subscriber, player_token_provided))

                    po_token = (
                        gvs_pots.get(client_name)
                        or fetch_po_token_func(required=require_po_token or pot_policy.recommended))
                    if po_token:
                        if client_name not in gvs_pots:
                            gvs_pots[client_name] = po_token

                    fmt_url = fmt_stream.get('url')
                    encrypted_sig, sc = None, None
                    if not fmt_url:
                        # We still need to register original/default language information
                        # See: https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/14883
                        get_language_code_and_preference(fmt_stream)
                        sc = urllib.parse.parse_qs(fmt_stream.get('signatureCipher'))
                        fmt_url = traverse_obj(sc, ('url', 0, {url_or_none}))
                        encrypted_sig = traverse_obj(sc, ('s', 0))
                        if not all((sc, fmt_url, skip_player_js or player_url, encrypted_sig)):
                            msg_tmpl = (
                                '{}Some {} client https formats have been skipped as they are missing a URL. '
                                '{}. See  https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12482  for more details')
                            if client_name in ('web', 'web_safari'):
                                self.write_debug(msg_tmpl.format(
                                    f'{video_id}: ', client_name,
                                    'YouTube is forcing SABR streaming for this client'), only_once=True)
                            else:
                                msg = (
                                    f'YouTube may have enabled the SABR-only streaming experiment for '
                                    f'{"your account" if self.is_authenticated else "the current session"}')
                                self.report_warning(msg_tmpl.format('', client_name, msg), video_id, only_once=True)
                            continue

                    fmt = process_format_stream(
                        fmt_stream, proto, missing_pot=require_po_token and not po_token,
                        super_resolution=is_super_resolution(fmt_url))
                    if not fmt:
                        continue

                    # signature
                    if encrypted_sig:
                        if skip_player_js:
                            continue
                        solve_js_challenges()
                        spec = self._load_player_data_from_cache(
                            'sigfuncs', player_url, len(encrypted_sig), use_disk_cache=True)
                        if not spec:
                            continue
                        fmt_url += '&{}={}'.format(
                            traverse_obj(sc, ('sp', -1)) or 'signature',
                            solve_sig(encrypted_sig, spec))

                    # n challenge
                    query = parse_qs(fmt_url)
                    if query.get('n'):
                        if skip_player_js:
                            continue
                        n_challenge = query['n'][0]
                        solve_js_challenges()
                        n_result = self._load_player_data_from_cache('n', player_url, n_challenge)
                        if not n_result:
                            continue
                        fmt_url = update_url_query(fmt_url, {'n': n_result})

                    if po_token:
                        fmt_url = update_url_query(fmt_url, {'pot': po_token})

                    fmt['url'] = fmt_url

                    if stream_id[0]:
                        itags[stream_id[0]].add((proto, fmt.get('language')))
                        stream_ids.append(stream_id)

                    # For handling potential pre-playback required waiting period
                    if live_status not in ('is_live', 'post_live'):
                        fmt['available_at'] = available_at

                    https_fmts.append(fmt)

                for fmt in https_fmts:
                    if (all_formats or 'dashy' in format_types) and fmt['filesize']:
                        yield {
                            **fmt,
                            'format_id': f'{fmt["format_id"]}-dashy' if all_formats else fmt['format_id'],
                            'protocol': 'http_dash_segments',
                            'fragments': build_fragments(fmt),
                        }
                    if all_formats or 'dashy' not in format_types:
                        fmt['downloader_options'] = {'http_chunk_size': CHUNK_SIZE}
                        yield fmt

            yield from process_https_formats()

            needs_live_processing = self._needs_live_processing(live_status, duration)
            skip_bad_formats = 'incomplete' not in format_types

            skip_manifests = set(self._configuration_arg('skip'))
            if (needs_live_processing == 'is_live'  # These will be filtered out by YoutubeDL anyway
                    or (needs_live_processing and skip_bad_formats)):
                skip_manifests.add('hls')

            if skip_bad_formats and live_status == 'is_live' and needs_live_processing != 'is_live':
                skip_manifests.add('dash')

            def process_manifest_format(f, proto, client_name, itag, missing_pot):
                key = (proto, f.get('language'))
                if not all_formats and key in itags[itag]:
                    return False

                # For handling potential pre-playback required waiting period
                if live_status not in ('is_live', 'post_live'):
                    f['available_at'] = available_at

                if f.get('source_preference') is None:
                    f['source_preference'] = -1

                # Deprioritize since its pre-merged m3u8 formats may have lower quality audio streams
                if client_name == 'web_safari' and proto == 'hls' and live_status != 'is_live':
                    f['source_preference'] -= 1

                if missing_pot:
                    f['format_note'] = join_nonempty(f.get('format_note'), 'MISSING POT', delim=' ')
                    f['source_preference'] -= 20

                itags[itag].add(key)

                if itag and all_formats:
                    f['format_id'] = f'{itag}-{proto}'
                elif any(p != proto for p, _ in itags[itag]):
                    f['format_id'] = f'{itag}-{proto}'
                elif itag:
                    f['format_id'] = itag

                lang_code = f.get('language')
                if lang_code and lang_code == language_map[ORIGINAL_LANG_VALUE]:
                    f['format_note'] = join_nonempty(f.get('format_note'), '(original)', delim=' ')
                    f['language_preference'] = ORIGINAL_LANG_VALUE
                elif lang_code and lang_code == language_map[DEFAULT_LANG_VALUE]:
                    f['format_note'] = join_nonempty(f.get('format_note'), '(default)', delim=' ')
                    f['language_preference'] = DEFAULT_LANG_VALUE

                if itag in ('616', '235'):
                    f['format_note'] = join_nonempty(f.get('format_note'), 'Premium', delim=' ')
                    f['source_preference'] += 100

                f['quality'] = q(itag_qualities.get(try_get(f, lambda f: f['format_id'].split('-')[0]), -1))
                if f['quality'] == -1 and f.get('height'):
                    f['quality'] = q(res_qualities[min(res_qualities, key=lambda x: abs(x - f['height']))])
                if self.get_param('verbose') or all_formats:
                    f['format_note'] = join_nonempty(
                        f.get('format_note'), short_client_name(client_name), delim=', ')
                if f.get('fps') and f['fps'] <= 1:
                    del f['fps']

                if proto == 'hls' and f.get('has_drm'):
                    f['has_drm'] = 'maybe'
                    f['source_preference'] -= 5
                return True

            hls_manifest_url = 'hls' not in skip_manifests and streaming_data.get('hlsManifestUrl')
            if hls_manifest_url:
                manifest_path = urllib.parse.urlparse(hls_manifest_url).path
                if m := re.fullmatch(r'(?P<path>.+)(?P<suffix>/(?:file|playlist)/index\.m3u8)', manifest_path):
                    manifest_path, manifest_suffix = m.group('path', 'suffix')
                else:
                    manifest_suffix = ''

                solved_n = False
                n_challenge = get_manifest_n_challenge(hls_manifest_url)
                if n_challenge and not skip_player_js:
                    solve_js_challenges()
                    n_result = self._load_player_data_from_cache('n', player_url, n_challenge)
                    if n_result:
                        manifest_path = manifest_path.replace(f'/n/{n_challenge}', f'/n/{n_result}')
                        solved_n = n_result in manifest_path

                pot_policy: GvsPoTokenPolicy = self._get_default_ytcfg(
                    client_name)['GVS_PO_TOKEN_POLICY'][StreamingProtocol.HLS]
                require_po_token = gvs_pot_required(pot_policy, is_premium_subscriber, player_token_provided)
                po_token = gvs_pots.get(client_name, fetch_po_token_func(required=require_po_token or pot_policy.recommended))
                if po_token:
                    manifest_path = manifest_path.rstrip('/') + f'/pot/{po_token}'
                    if client_name not in gvs_pots:
                        gvs_pots[client_name] = po_token

                if require_po_token and not po_token and 'missing_pot' not in self._configuration_arg('formats'):
                    self._report_pot_format_skipped(video_id, client_name, 'hls')
                elif solved_n or not n_challenge:
                    hls_manifest_url = update_url(hls_manifest_url, path=f'{manifest_path}{manifest_suffix}')
                    fmts, subs = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(
                        hls_manifest_url, video_id, 'mp4', fatal=False, live=live_status == 'is_live')
                    for sub in traverse_obj(subs, (..., ..., {dict})):
                        # TODO: If HLS video requires a PO Token, do the subs also require pot?
                        # Save client name for debugging
                        sub[STREAMING_DATA_CLIENT_NAME] = client_name
                    subtitles = self._merge_subtitles(subs, subtitles)
                    for f in fmts:
                        if process_manifest_format(f, 'hls', client_name, self._search_regex(
                                r'/itag/(\d+)', f['url'], 'itag', default=None), require_po_token and not po_token):
                            yield f

            dash_manifest_url = 'dash' not in skip_manifests and streaming_data.get('dashManifestUrl')
            if dash_manifest_url:
                manifest_path = urllib.parse.urlparse(dash_manifest_url).path

                solved_n = False
                n_challenge = get_manifest_n_challenge(dash_manifest_url)
                if n_challenge and not skip_player_js:
                    solve_js_challenges()
                    n_result = self._load_player_data_from_cache('n', player_url, n_challenge)
                    if n_result:
                        manifest_path = manifest_path.replace(f'/n/{n_challenge}', f'/n/{n_result}')
                        solved_n = n_result in manifest_path

                pot_policy: GvsPoTokenPolicy = self._get_default_ytcfg(
                    client_name)['GVS_PO_TOKEN_POLICY'][StreamingProtocol.DASH]
                require_po_token = gvs_pot_required(pot_policy, is_premium_subscriber, player_token_provided)
                po_token = gvs_pots.get(client_name, fetch_po_token_func(required=require_po_token or pot_policy.recommended))
                if po_token:
                    manifest_path = manifest_path.rstrip('/') + f'/pot/{po_token}'
                    if client_name not in gvs_pots:
                        gvs_pots[client_name] = po_token

                if require_po_token and not po_token and 'missing_pot' not in self._configuration_arg('formats'):
                    self._report_pot_format_skipped(video_id, client_name, 'dash')
                elif solved_n or not n_challenge:
                    dash_manifest_url = update_url(dash_manifest_url, path=manifest_path)
                    formats, subs = self._extract_mpd_formats_and_subtitles(dash_manifest_url, video_id, fatal=False)
                    for sub in traverse_obj(subs, (..., ..., {dict})):
                        # TODO: If DASH video requires a PO Token, do the subs also require pot?
                        # Save client name for debugging
                        sub[STREAMING_DATA_CLIENT_NAME] = client_name
                    subtitles = self._merge_subtitles(subs, subtitles)  # Prioritize HLS subs over DASH
                    for f in formats:
                        if process_manifest_format(f, 'dash', client_name, f['format_id'], require_po_token and not po_token):
                            f['filesize'] = int_or_none(self._search_regex(
                                r'/clen/(\d+)', f.get('fragment_base_url') or f['url'], 'file size', default=None))
                            if needs_live_processing:
                                f['is_from_start'] = True
                            yield f
        yield subtitles

    def _extract_storyboard(self, player_responses, duration):
        spec = get_first(
            player_responses, ('storyboards', 'playerStoryboardSpecRenderer', 'spec'), default='').split('|')[::-1]
        base_url = url_or_none(urljoin('https://i.ytimg.com/', spec.pop() or None))
        if not base_url:
            return
        L = len(spec) - 1
        for i, args in enumerate(spec):
            args = args.split('#')
            counts = list(map(int_or_none, args[:5]))
            if len(args) != 8 or not all(counts):
                self.report_warning(f'Malformed storyboard {i}: {"#".join(args)}{bug_reports_message()}')
                continue
            width, height, frame_count, cols, rows = counts
            N, sigh = args[6:]

            url = base_url.replace('$L', str(L - i)).replace('$N', N) + f'&sigh={sigh}'
            fragment_count = frame_count / (cols * rows)
            fragment_duration = duration / fragment_count
            yield {
                'format_id': f'sb{i}',
                'format_note': 'storyboard',
                'ext': 'mhtml',
                'protocol': 'mhtml',
                'acodec': 'none',
                'vcodec': 'none',
                'url': url,
                'width': width,
                'height': height,
                'fps': frame_count / duration,
                'rows': rows,
                'columns': cols,
                'fragments': [{
                    'url': url.replace('$M', str(j)),
                    'duration': min(fragment_duration, duration - (j * fragment_duration)),
                } for j in range(math.ceil(fragment_count))],
            }

    def _download_initial_webpage(self, webpage_url, webpage_client, video_id):
        webpage = None
        if webpage_url and 'webpage' not in self._configuration_arg('player_skip'):
            query = {'bpctr': '9999999999', 'has_verified': '1'}
            pp = (
                self._configuration_arg('player_params', [None], casesense=True)[0]
                or traverse_obj(INNERTUBE_CLIENTS, (webpage_client, 'PLAYER_PARAMS', {str}))
            )
            if pp:
                query['pp'] = pp
            webpage = self._download_webpage_with_retries(
                webpage_url, video_id, query=query,
                headers=traverse_obj(self._get_default_ytcfg(webpage_client), {
                    'User-Agent': ('INNERTUBE_CONTEXT', 'client', 'userAgent', {str}),
                }))
        return webpage

    def _get_available_at_timestamp(self, player_response, video_id, client):
        now = time.time()
        wait_seconds = 0

        for renderer in traverse_obj(player_response, (
            'adSlots', lambda _, v: v['adSlotRenderer']['adSlotMetadata']['triggerEvent'] == 'SLOT_TRIGGER_EVENT_BEFORE_CONTENT',
            'adSlotRenderer', 'fulfillmentContent', 'fulfilledLayout', 'playerBytesAdLayoutRenderer', 'renderingContent', (
                None,
                ('playerBytesSequentialLayoutRenderer', 'sequentialLayouts', ..., 'playerBytesAdLayoutRenderer', 'renderingContent'),
            ), 'instreamVideoAdRenderer', {dict},
        )):
            duration = traverse_obj(renderer, ('playerVars', {urllib.parse.parse_qs}, 'length_seconds', -1, {int_or_none}))
            ad = 'an ad' if duration is None else f'a {duration}s ad'

            skip_time = traverse_obj(renderer, ('skipOffsetMilliseconds', {float_or_none(scale=1000)}))
            if skip_time is not None:
                # YT allows skipping this ad; use the wait-until-skip time instead of full ad duration
                skip_time = skip_time if skip_time % 1 else int(skip_time)
                ad += f' skippable after {skip_time}s'
                duration = skip_time

            if duration is not None:
                self.write_debug(f'{video_id}: Detected {ad} for {client}')
                wait_seconds += duration

        if wait_seconds:
            return math.ceil(now) + wait_seconds

        return int(now)

    def _list_formats(self, video_id, microformats, video_details, player_responses, player_url, duration=None):
        live_broadcast_details = traverse_obj(microformats, (..., 'liveBroadcastDetails'))
        is_live = get_first(video_details, 'isLive')
        if is_live is None:
            is_live = get_first(live_broadcast_details, 'isLiveNow')
        live_content = get_first(video_details, 'isLiveContent')
        is_upcoming = get_first(video_details, 'isUpcoming')
        post_live = get_first(video_details, 'isPostLiveDvr')
        live_status = ('post_live' if post_live
                       else 'is_live' if is_live
                       else 'is_upcoming' if is_upcoming
                       else 'was_live' if live_content
                       else 'not_live' if False in (is_live, live_content)
                       else None)
        *formats, subtitles = self._extract_formats_and_subtitles(video_id, player_responses, player_url, live_status, duration)
        if all(f.get('has_drm') for f in formats):
            # If there are no formats that definitely don't have DRM, all have DRM
            for f in formats:
                f['has_drm'] = True

        return live_broadcast_details, live_status, formats, subtitles

    def _download_initial_data(self, video_id, webpage, webpage_client, webpage_ytcfg):
        initial_data = None
        if webpage and 'initial_data' not in self._configuration_arg('webpage_skip'):
            initial_data = self.extract_yt_initial_data(video_id, webpage, fatal=False)
            if not traverse_obj(initial_data, 'contents'):
                self.report_warning('Incomplete data received in embedded initial data; re-fetching using API.')
                initial_data = None
        if not initial_data and 'initial_data' not in self._configuration_arg('player_skip'):
            query = {'videoId': video_id}
            query.update(self._get_checkok_params())
            initial_data = self._extract_response(
                item_id=video_id, ep='next', fatal=False,
                ytcfg=webpage_ytcfg, query=query, check_get_keys='contents',
                note='Downloading initial data API JSON', default_client=webpage_client)
        return initial_data

    def _is_premium_subscriber(self, initial_data):
        if not self.is_authenticated or not initial_data:
            return False

        tlr = traverse_obj(
            initial_data, ('topbar', 'desktopTopbarRenderer', 'logo', 'topbarLogoRenderer'))
        return (
            traverse_obj(tlr, ('iconImage', 'iconType')) == 'YOUTUBE_PREMIUM_LOGO'
            or 'premium' in (self._get_text(tlr, 'tooltipText') or '').lower()
        )

    def _initial_extract(self, url, smuggled_data, webpage_url, webpage_client, video_id):
        # This function is also used by live-from-start refresh
        webpage = self._download_initial_webpage(webpage_url, webpage_client, video_id)
        webpage_ytcfg = self.extract_ytcfg(video_id, webpage) or self._get_default_ytcfg(webpage_client)

        initial_data = self._download_initial_data(video_id, webpage, webpage_client, webpage_ytcfg)

        is_premium_subscriber = self._is_premium_subscriber(initial_data)
        if is_premium_subscriber:
            self.write_debug('Detected YouTube Premium subscription')

        player_responses, player_url = self._extract_player_responses(
            self._get_requested_clients(url, smuggled_data, is_premium_subscriber),
            video_id, webpage, webpage_client, webpage_ytcfg, is_premium_subscriber)

        return webpage, webpage_ytcfg, initial_data, is_premium_subscriber, player_responses, player_url

    def _real_extract(self, url):
        url, smuggled_data = unsmuggle_url(url, {})
        video_id = self._match_id(url)

        base_url = self.http_scheme() + '//www.youtube.com/'
        webpage_url = base_url + 'watch?v=' + video_id
        webpage_client = 'web'

        webpage, webpage_ytcfg, initial_data, is_premium_subscriber, player_responses, player_url = self._initial_extract(
            url, smuggled_data, webpage_url, webpage_client, video_id)

        playability_statuses = traverse_obj(
            player_responses, (..., 'playabilityStatus'), expected_type=dict)

        trailer_video_id = get_first(
            playability_statuses,
            ('errorScreen', 'playerLegacyDesktopYpcTrailerRenderer', 'trailerVideoId'),
            expected_type=str)
        if trailer_video_id:
            return self.url_result(
                trailer_video_id, self.ie_key(), trailer_video_id)

        search_meta = ((lambda x: self._html_search_meta(x, webpage, default=None))
                       if webpage else (lambda x: None))

        video_details = traverse_obj(player_responses, (..., 'videoDetails'), expected_type=dict)
        microformats = traverse_obj(
            player_responses, (..., 'microformat', 'playerMicroformatRenderer'),
            expected_type=dict)

        # Fallbacks in case player responses are missing metadata
        initial_sdcr = traverse_obj(initial_data, (
            'engagementPanels', ..., 'engagementPanelSectionListRenderer',
            'content', 'structuredDescriptionContentRenderer', {dict}, any))
        initial_description = traverse_obj(initial_sdcr, (
            'items', ..., 'expandableVideoDescriptionBodyRenderer',
            'attributedDescriptionBodyText', 'content', {str}, any))
        # videoDescriptionHeaderRenderer also has publishDate/channel/handle/ucid, but not needed
        initial_vdhr = traverse_obj(initial_sdcr, (
            'items', ..., 'videoDescriptionHeaderRenderer', {dict}, any)) or {}
        initial_video_details_renderer = traverse_obj(initial_data, (
            'playerOverlays', 'playerOverlayRenderer', 'videoDetails',
            'playerOverlayVideoDetailsRenderer', {dict})) or {}
        initial_title = (
            self._get_text(initial_vdhr, 'title')
            or self._get_text(initial_video_details_renderer, 'title'))

        translated_title = self._get_text(microformats, (..., 'title'))
        video_title = ((self._preferred_lang and translated_title)
                       or get_first(video_details, 'title')  # primary
                       or translated_title
                       or search_meta(['og:title', 'twitter:title', 'title']))
        if not video_title and initial_title:
            self.report_warning(
                'No title found in player responses; falling back to title from initial data. '
                'Other metadata may also be missing')
            video_title = initial_title
        translated_description = self._get_text(microformats, (..., 'description'))
        original_description = get_first(video_details, 'shortDescription')
        video_description = (
            (self._preferred_lang and translated_description)
            # If original description is blank, it will be an empty string.
            # Do not prefer translated description in this case.
            or original_description if original_description is not None else translated_description)
        if video_description is None:
            video_description = initial_description

        multifeed_metadata_list = get_first(
            player_responses,
            ('multicamera', 'playerLegacyMulticameraRenderer', 'metadataList'),
            expected_type=str)
        if multifeed_metadata_list and not smuggled_data.get('force_singlefeed'):
            if self.get_param('noplaylist'):
                self.to_screen(f'Downloading just video {video_id} because of --no-playlist')
            else:
                entries = []
                feed_ids = []
                for feed in multifeed_metadata_list.split(','):
                    # Unquote should take place before split on comma (,) since textual
                    # fields may contain comma as well (see
                    # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/8536)
                    feed_data = urllib.parse.parse_qs(
                        urllib.parse.unquote_plus(feed))

                    def feed_entry(name):
                        return try_get(
                            feed_data, lambda x: x[name][0], str)

                    feed_id = feed_entry('id')
                    if not feed_id:
                        continue
                    feed_title = feed_entry('title')
                    title = video_title
                    if feed_title:
                        title += f' ({feed_title})'
                    entries.append({
                        '_type': 'url_transparent',
                        'ie_key': 'Youtube',
                        'url': smuggle_url(
                            '{}watch?v={}'.format(base_url, feed_data['id'][0]),
                            {'force_singlefeed': True}),
                        'title': title,
                    })
                    feed_ids.append(feed_id)
                self.to_screen(
                    'Downloading multifeed video ({}) - add --no-playlist to just download video {}'.format(
                        ', '.join(feed_ids), video_id))
                return self.playlist_result(
                    entries, video_id, video_title, video_description)

        duration = (int_or_none(get_first(video_details, 'lengthSeconds'))
                    or int_or_none(get_first(microformats, 'lengthSeconds'))
                    or parse_duration(search_meta('duration')) or None)

        live_broadcast_details, live_status, formats, automatic_captions = \
            self._list_formats(video_id, microformats, video_details, player_responses, player_url, duration)
        streaming_data = traverse_obj(player_responses, (..., 'streamingData'))
        if live_status == 'post_live':
            self.write_debug(f'{video_id}: Video is in Post-Live Manifestless mode')

        if not formats:
            if not self.get_param('allow_unplayable_formats') and traverse_obj(streaming_data, (..., 'licenseInfos')):
                self.report_drm(video_id)
            pemr = get_first(
                playability_statuses,
                ('errorScreen', 'playerErrorMessageRenderer'), expected_type=dict) or {}
            reason = self._get_text(pemr, 'reason') or get_first(playability_statuses, 'reason')
            subreason = clean_html(self._get_text(pemr, 'subreason') or '')
            if subreason:
                if subreason.startswith('The uploader has not made this video available in your country'):
                    countries = get_first(microformats, 'availableCountries')
                    if not countries:
                        regions_allowed = search_meta('regionsAllowed')
                        countries = regions_allowed.split(',') if regions_allowed else None
                    self.raise_geo_restricted(subreason, countries, metadata_available=True)
                reason += f'. {subreason}'
            if reason:
                if 'sign in' in reason.lower():
                    reason = remove_end(reason, 'This helps protect our community. Learn more')
                    reason = f'{remove_end(reason.strip(), ".")}. {self._youtube_login_hint}'
                elif get_first(playability_statuses, ('errorScreen', 'playerCaptchaViewModel', {dict})):
                    reason += '. YouTube is requiring a captcha challenge before playback'
                elif "This content isn't available, try again later" in reason:
                    reason = (
                        f'{remove_end(reason.strip(), ".")}. {"Your account" if self.is_authenticated else "The current session"} '
                        f'has been rate-limited by YouTube for up to an hour. It is recommended to use `-t sleep` to add a delay '
                        f'between video requests to avoid exceeding the rate limit. For more information, refer to  '
                        f'https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/wiki/Extractors#this-content-isnt-available-try-again-later'
                    )
                self.raise_no_formats(reason, expected=True)

        keywords = get_first(video_details, 'keywords', expected_type=list) or []
        if not keywords and webpage:
            keywords = [
                unescapeHTML(m.group('content'))
                for m in re.finditer(self._meta_regex('og:video:tag'), webpage)]
        for keyword in keywords:
            if keyword.startswith('yt:stretch='):
                mobj = re.search(r'(\d+)\s*:\s*(\d+)', keyword)
                if mobj:
                    # NB: float is intentional for forcing float division
                    w, h = (float(v) for v in mobj.groups())
                    if w > 0 and h > 0:
                        ratio = w / h
                        for f in formats:
                            if f.get('vcodec') != 'none':
                                f['stretched_ratio'] = ratio
                        break
        thumbnails = self._extract_thumbnails((video_details, microformats), (..., ..., 'thumbnail'))
        thumbnail_url = search_meta(['og:image', 'twitter:image'])
        if thumbnail_url:
            thumbnails.append({
                'url': thumbnail_url,
            })
        original_thumbnails = thumbnails.copy()

        # The best resolution thumbnails sometimes does not appear in the webpage
        # See: https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/340
        # List of possible thumbnails - Ref: <https://stackoverflow.com/a/20542029>
        thumbnail_names = [
            # While the *1,*2,*3 thumbnails are just below their corresponding "*default" variants
            # in resolution, these are not the custom thumbnail. So de-prioritize them
            'maxresdefault', 'hq720', 'sddefault', 'hqdefault', '0', 'mqdefault', 'default',
            'sd1', 'sd2', 'sd3', 'hq1', 'hq2', 'hq3', 'mq1', 'mq2', 'mq3', '1', '2', '3',
        ]
        n_thumbnail_names = len(thumbnail_names)
        thumbnails.extend({
            'url': 'https://i.ytimg.com/vi{webp}/{video_id}/{name}{live}.{ext}'.format(
                video_id=video_id, name=name, ext=ext,
                webp='_webp' if ext == 'webp' else '', live='_live' if live_status == 'is_live' else ''),
        } for name in thumbnail_names for ext in ('webp', 'jpg'))
        for thumb in thumbnails:
            i = next((i for i, t in enumerate(thumbnail_names) if f'/{video_id}/{t}' in thumb['url']), n_thumbnail_names)
            thumb['preference'] = (0 if '.webp' in thumb['url'] else -1) - (2 * i)
        self._remove_duplicate_formats(thumbnails)
        self._downloader._sort_thumbnails(original_thumbnails)

        category = get_first(microformats, 'category') or search_meta('genre')
        channel_id = self.ucid_or_none(str_or_none(
            get_first(video_details, 'channelId')
            or get_first(microformats, 'externalChannelId')
            or search_meta('channelId')))
        owner_profile_url = get_first(microformats, 'ownerProfileUrl')

        live_start_time = parse_iso8601(get_first(live_broadcast_details, 'startTimestamp'))
        live_end_time = parse_iso8601(get_first(live_broadcast_details, 'endTimestamp'))
        if not duration and live_end_time and live_start_time:
            duration = live_end_time - live_start_time

        needs_live_processing = self._needs_live_processing(live_status, duration)

        def is_bad_format(fmt):
            if needs_live_processing and not fmt.get('is_from_start'):
                return True
            elif (live_status == 'is_live' and needs_live_processing != 'is_live'
                    and fmt.get('protocol') == 'http_dash_segments'):
                return True

        for fmt in filter(is_bad_format, formats):
            fmt['preference'] = (fmt.get('preference') or -1) - 10
            fmt['format_note'] = join_nonempty(fmt.get('format_note'), '(Last 2 hours)', delim=' ')

        if needs_live_processing:
            self._prepare_live_from_start_formats(
                formats, video_id, live_start_time, url, webpage_url, smuggled_data, live_status == 'is_live')

        formats.extend(self._extract_storyboard(player_responses, duration))

        channel_handle = self.handle_from_url(owner_profile_url)

        info = {
            'id': video_id,
            'title': video_title,
            'formats': formats,
            'thumbnails': thumbnails,
            # The best thumbnail that we are sure exists. Prevents unnecessary
            # URL checking if user don't care about getting the best possible thumbnail
            'thumbnail': traverse_obj(original_thumbnails, (-1, 'url')),
            'description': video_description,
            'channel_id': channel_id,
            'channel_url': format_field(channel_id, None, 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/%s', default=None),
            'duration': duration,
            'view_count': int_or_none(
                get_first((video_details, microformats), (..., 'viewCount'))
                or search_meta('interactionCount')),
            'average_rating': float_or_none(get_first(video_details, 'averageRating')),
            'age_limit': 18 if (
                get_first(microformats, 'isFamilySafe') is False
                or search_meta('isFamilyFriendly') == 'false'
                or search_meta('og:restrictions:age') == '18+') else 0,
            'webpage_url': webpage_url,
            'categories': [category] if category else None,
            'tags': keywords,
            'playable_in_embed': get_first(playability_statuses, 'playableInEmbed'),
            'live_status': live_status,
            'media_type': (
                'livestream' if get_first(video_details, 'isLiveContent')
                else 'short' if get_first(microformats, 'isShortsEligible')
                else 'video'),
            'release_timestamp': live_start_time,
            '_format_sort_fields': (  # source_preference is lower for potentially damaged formats
                'quality', 'res', 'fps', 'hdr:12', 'source',
                'vcodec:vp9.2' if 'prefer-vp9-sort' in self.get_param('compat_opts', []) else 'vcodec',
                'channels', 'acodec', 'lang', 'proto'),
        }

        def get_lang_code(track):
            return (remove_start(track.get('vssId') or '', '.').replace('.', '-')
                    or track.get('languageCode'))

        def process_language(container, base_url, lang_code, sub_name, client_name, query):
            lang_subs = container.setdefault(lang_code, [])
            for fmt in self._SUBTITLE_FORMATS:
                # xosf=1 results in undesirable text position data for vtt, json3 & srv* subtitles
                # See: https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/13654
                query = {**query, 'fmt': fmt, 'xosf': []}
                lang_subs.append({
                    'ext': fmt,
                    'url': urljoin('https://www.youtube.com', update_url_query(base_url, query)),
                    'name': sub_name,
                    'impersonate': True,
                    STREAMING_DATA_CLIENT_NAME: client_name,
                })

        def set_audio_lang_from_orig_subs_lang(lang_code):
            for f in formats:
                if f.get('acodec') != 'none' and not f.get('language'):
                    f['language'] = lang_code

        subtitles = {}
        skipped_subs_clients = set()

        # Only web/mweb clients provide translationLanguages, so include initial_pr in the traversal
        translation_languages = {
            lang['languageCode']: self._get_text(lang['languageName'], max_runs=1)
            for lang in traverse_obj(player_responses, (
                ..., 'captions', 'playerCaptionsTracklistRenderer', 'translationLanguages',
                lambda _, v: v['languageCode'] and v['languageName']))
        }
        # NB: Constructing the full subtitle dictionary is slow
        get_translated_subs = 'translated_subs' not in self._configuration_arg('skip') and (
            self.get_param('writeautomaticsub', False) or self.get_param('listsubtitles'))

        # Filter out initial_pr which does not have streamingData (smuggled client context)
        prs = traverse_obj(player_responses, (
            lambda _, v: v['streamingData'] and v['captions']['playerCaptionsTracklistRenderer']))
        all_captions = traverse_obj(prs, (
            ..., 'captions', 'playerCaptionsTracklistRenderer', 'captionTracks', ..., {dict}))
        need_subs_langs = {get_lang_code(sub) for sub in all_captions if sub.get('kind') != 'asr'}
        need_caps_langs = {
            remove_start(get_lang_code(sub), 'a-')
            for sub in all_captions if sub.get('kind') == 'asr'}

        for pr in prs:
            pctr = pr['captions']['playerCaptionsTracklistRenderer']
            client_name = pr['streamingData'][STREAMING_DATA_CLIENT_NAME]
            innertube_client_name = pr['streamingData'][STREAMING_DATA_INNERTUBE_CONTEXT]['client']['clientName']
            pot_policy: GvsPoTokenPolicy = self._get_default_ytcfg(client_name)['SUBS_PO_TOKEN_POLICY']
            fetch_subs_po_token_func = pr['streamingData'][STREAMING_DATA_FETCH_SUBS_PO_TOKEN]

            pot_params = {}
            already_fetched_pot = False

            for caption_track in traverse_obj(pctr, ('captionTracks', lambda _, v: v['baseUrl'])):
                base_url = caption_track['baseUrl']
                qs = parse_qs(base_url)
                lang_code = get_lang_code(caption_track)
                requires_pot = (
                    # We can detect the experiment for now
                    any(e in traverse_obj(qs, ('exp', ...)) for e in ('xpe', 'xpv'))
                    or (pot_policy.required and not (pot_policy.not_required_for_premium and is_premium_subscriber)))

                if not already_fetched_pot:
                    already_fetched_pot = True
                    if subs_po_token := fetch_subs_po_token_func(required=requires_pot or pot_policy.recommended):
                        pot_params.update({
                            'pot': subs_po_token,
                            'potc': '1',
                            'c': innertube_client_name,
                        })

                if not pot_params and requires_pot:
                    skipped_subs_clients.add(client_name)
                    self._report_pot_subtitles_skipped(video_id, client_name)
                    break

                orig_lang = qs.get('lang', [None])[-1]
                lang_name = self._get_text(caption_track, 'name', max_runs=1)
                is_manual_subs = caption_track.get('kind') != 'asr'
                if is_manual_subs:
                    if not lang_code:
                        continue
                    process_language(
                        subtitles, base_url, lang_code, lang_name, client_name, pot_params)
                    if not caption_track.get('isTranslatable'):
                        continue
                for trans_code, trans_name in translation_languages.items():
                    if not trans_code:
                        continue
                    orig_trans_code = trans_code
                    if is_manual_subs and trans_code != 'und':
                        if not get_translated_subs:
                            continue
                        trans_code += f'-{lang_code}'
                        trans_name += format_field(lang_name, None, ' from %s')
                    if lang_code == f'a-{orig_trans_code}':
                        # Set audio language based on original subtitles
                        set_audio_lang_from_orig_subs_lang(orig_trans_code)
                        # Add an "-orig" label to the original language so that it can be distinguished.
                        # The subs are returned without "-orig" as well for compatibility
                        process_language(
                            automatic_captions, base_url, f'{trans_code}-orig',
                            f'{trans_name} (Original)', client_name, pot_params)
                    # Setting tlang=lang returns damaged subtitles.
                    process_language(
                        automatic_captions, base_url, trans_code, trans_name, client_name,
                        pot_params if orig_lang == orig_trans_code else {'tlang': trans_code, **pot_params})

                # Extract automatic captions when the language is not in 'translationLanguages'
                # e.g. Cantonese [yue], see https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/14889
                lang_code = remove_start(lang_code, 'a-')
                if is_manual_subs or not lang_code or lang_code in automatic_captions:
                    continue
                lang_name = remove_end(lang_name, ' (auto-generated)')
                if caption_track.get('isTranslatable'):
                    # We can assume this is the original audio language
                    set_audio_lang_from_orig_subs_lang(lang_code)
                    process_language(
                        automatic_captions, base_url, f'{lang_code}-orig',
                        f'{lang_name} (Original)', client_name, pot_params)
                process_language(
                    automatic_captions, base_url, lang_code, lang_name, client_name, pot_params)

            # Avoid duplication if we've already got everything we need
            need_subs_langs.difference_update(subtitles)
            need_caps_langs.difference_update(automatic_captions)
            if not (need_subs_langs or need_caps_langs):
                break

        if skipped_subs_clients and (need_subs_langs or need_caps_langs):
            self._report_pot_subtitles_skipped(video_id, True, msg=join_nonempty(
                f'{video_id}: There are missing subtitles languages because a PO token was not provided.',
                need_subs_langs and f'Subtitles for these languages are missing: {", ".join(need_subs_langs)}.',
                need_caps_langs and f'Automatic captions for {len(need_caps_langs)} languages are missing.',
                delim=' '))

        info['automatic_captions'] = automatic_captions
        info['subtitles'] = subtitles

        parsed_url = urllib.parse.urlparse(url)
        for component in [parsed_url.fragment, parsed_url.query]:
            query = urllib.parse.parse_qs(component)
            for k, v in query.items():
                for d_k, s_ks in [('start', ('start', 't')), ('end', ('end',))]:
                    d_k += '_time'
                    if d_k not in info and k in s_ks:
                        info[d_k] = parse_duration(v[0])

        # Youtube Music Auto-generated description
        if (video_description or '').strip().endswith('\nAuto-generated by YouTube.'):
            mobj = re.search(
                r'''(?xs)
                    (?:\n|^)(?P<track>[^\n·]+)\ ·\ (?P<artist>[^\n]+)\n+
                    (?P<album>[^\n]+)\n+
                    (?:℗\s*(?P<release_year>\d{4}))?
                    (?:.+?\nReleased\ on\s*:\s*(?P<release_date>\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}))?
                    (?:.+?\nArtist\s*:\s*(?P<clean_artist>[^\n]+)\n)?
                    .+\nAuto-generated\ by\ YouTube\.\s*$
                ''', video_description)
            if mobj:
                release_year = mobj.group('release_year')
                release_date = mobj.group('release_date')
                if release_date:
                    release_date = release_date.replace('-', '')
                    if not release_year:
                        release_year = release_date[:4]
                info.update({
                    'album': mobj.group('album'.strip()),
                    'artists': ([a] if (a := mobj.group('clean_artist'))
                                else [a.strip() for a in mobj.group('artist').split(' · ')]),
                    'track': mobj.group('track').strip(),
                    'release_date': release_date,
                    'release_year': int_or_none(release_year),
                })

        COMMENTS_SECTION_IDS = ('comment-item-section', 'engagement-panel-comments-section')
        info['comment_count'] = traverse_obj(initial_data, (
            'contents', 'twoColumnWatchNextResults', 'results', 'results', 'contents', ..., 'itemSectionRenderer',
            'contents', ..., 'commentsEntryPointHeaderRenderer', 'commentCount',
        ), (
            'engagementPanels', lambda _, v: v['engagementPanelSectionListRenderer']['panelIdentifier'] in COMMENTS_SECTION_IDS,
            'engagementPanelSectionListRenderer', 'header', 'engagementPanelTitleHeaderRenderer', 'contextualInfo',
        ), expected_type=self._get_count, get_all=False)

        try:  # This will error if there is no livechat
            initial_data['contents']['twoColumnWatchNextResults']['conversationBar']['liveChatRenderer']['continuations'][0]['reloadContinuationData']['continuation']
        except (KeyError, IndexError, TypeError):
            pass
        else:
            info.setdefault('subtitles', {})['live_chat'] = [{
                # url is needed to set cookies
                'url': f'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v={video_id}&bpctr=9999999999&has_verified=1',
                'video_id': video_id,
                'ext': 'json',
                'protocol': ('youtube_live_chat' if live_status in ('is_live', 'is_upcoming')
                             else 'youtube_live_chat_replay'),
            }]

        if initial_data:
            info['chapters'] = (
                self._extract_chapters_from_json(initial_data, duration)
                or self._extract_chapters_from_engagement_panel(initial_data, duration)
                or self._extract_chapters_from_description(video_description, duration)
                or None)

            info['heatmap'] = self._extract_heatmap(initial_data)

        contents = traverse_obj(
            initial_data, ('contents', 'twoColumnWatchNextResults', 'results', 'results', 'contents'),
            expected_type=list, default=[])

        vpir = get_first(contents, 'videoPrimaryInfoRenderer')
        if vpir:
            stl = vpir.get('superTitleLink')
            if stl:
                stl = self._get_text(stl)
                if try_get(
                        vpir,
                        lambda x: x['superTitleIcon']['iconType']) == 'LOCATION_PIN':
                    info['location'] = stl
                else:
                    mobj = re.search(r'(.+?)\s*S(\d+)\s*•?\s*E(\d+)', stl)
                    if mobj:
                        info.update({
                            'series': mobj.group(1),
                            'season_number': int(mobj.group(2)),
                            'episode_number': int(mobj.group(3)),
                        })
            for tlb in (try_get(
                    vpir,
                    lambda x: x['videoActions']['menuRenderer']['topLevelButtons'],
                    list) or []):
                tbrs = variadic(
                    traverse_obj(
                        tlb, ('toggleButtonRenderer', ...),
                        ('segmentedLikeDislikeButtonRenderer', ..., 'toggleButtonRenderer')))
                for tbr in tbrs:
                    for getter, regex in [(
                            lambda x: x['defaultText']['accessibility']['accessibilityData'],
                            r'(?P<count>[\d,]+)\s*(?P<type>(?:dis)?like)'), ([
                                lambda x: x['accessibility'],
                                lambda x: x['accessibilityData']['accessibilityData'],
                            ], r'(?P<type>(?:dis)?like) this video along with (?P<count>[\d,]+) other people')]:
                        label = (try_get(tbr, getter, dict) or {}).get('label')
                        if label:
                            mobj = re.match(regex, label)
                            if mobj:
                                info[mobj.group('type') + '_count'] = str_to_int(mobj.group('count'))
                                break

            info['like_count'] = traverse_obj(vpir, (
                'videoActions', 'menuRenderer', 'topLevelButtons', ...,
                'segmentedLikeDislikeButtonViewModel', 'likeButtonViewModel', 'likeButtonViewModel',
                'toggleButtonViewModel', 'toggleButtonViewModel', 'defaultButtonViewModel',
                'buttonViewModel', 'accessibilityText', {parse_count}), get_all=False)

            vcr = traverse_obj(vpir, ('viewCount', 'videoViewCountRenderer'))
            if vcr:
                vc = self._get_count(vcr, 'viewCount')
                # Upcoming premieres with waiting count are treated as live here
                if vcr.get('isLive'):
                    info['concurrent_view_count'] = vc
                elif info.get('view_count') is None:
                    info['view_count'] = vc

        vsir = get_first(contents, 'videoSecondaryInfoRenderer')
        if vsir:
            vor = traverse_obj(vsir, ('owner', 'videoOwnerRenderer'))
            collaborators = traverse_obj(vor, (
                'attributedTitle', 'commandRuns', ..., 'onTap', 'innertubeCommand', 'showDialogCommand',
                'panelLoadingStrategy', 'inlineContent', 'dialogViewModel', 'customContent', 'listViewModel',
                'listItems', ..., 'listItemViewModel', 'title', 'content', {str}))
            info.update({
                'channel': self._get_text(vor, 'title') or (collaborators[0] if collaborators else None),
                'channel_follower_count': self._get_count(vor, 'subscriberCountText'),
                'creators': collaborators if collaborators else None,
            })

            if not channel_handle:
                channel_handle = self.handle_from_url(
                    traverse_obj(vor, (
                        ('navigationEndpoint', ('title', 'runs', ..., 'navigationEndpoint')),
                        (('commandMetadata', 'webCommandMetadata', 'url'), ('browseEndpoint', 'canonicalBaseUrl')),
                        {str}), get_all=False))

            rows = try_get(
                vsir,
                lambda x: x['metadataRowContainer']['metadataRowContainerRenderer']['rows'],
                list) or []
            multiple_songs = False
            for row in rows:
                if try_get(row, lambda x: x['metadataRowRenderer']['hasDividerLine']) is True:
                    multiple_songs = True
                    break
            for row in rows:
                mrr = row.get('metadataRowRenderer') or {}
                mrr_title = mrr.get('title')
                if not mrr_title:
                    continue
                mrr_title = self._get_text(mrr, 'title')
                mrr_contents_text = self._get_text(mrr, ('contents', 0))
                if mrr_title == 'License':
                    info['license'] = mrr_contents_text
                elif not multiple_songs:
                    if mrr_title == 'Album':
                        info['album'] = mrr_contents_text
                    elif mrr_title == 'Artist':
                        info['artists'] = [mrr_contents_text] if mrr_contents_text else None
                    elif mrr_title == 'Song':
                        info['track'] = mrr_contents_text
            owner_badges = self._extract_badges(traverse_obj(vsir, ('owner', 'videoOwnerRenderer', 'badges')))
            if self._has_badge(owner_badges, BadgeType.VERIFIED):
                info['channel_is_verified'] = True

        info.update({
            'uploader': info.get('channel'),
            'uploader_id': channel_handle,
            'uploader_url': format_field(channel_handle, None, 'https://www.youtube.com/%s', default=None),
        })

        # We only want timestamp IF it has time precision AND a timezone
        # Currently the uploadDate in microformats appears to be in US/Pacific timezone.
        timestamp = (
            parse_iso8601(get_first(microformats, 'uploadDate'), timezone=NO_DEFAULT)
            or parse_iso8601(search_meta('uploadDate'), timezone=NO_DEFAULT)
        )
        upload_date = (
            dt.datetime.fromtimestamp(timestamp, dt.timezone.utc).strftime('%Y%m%d') if timestamp else
            (
                unified_strdate(get_first(microformats, 'uploadDate'))
                or unified_strdate(search_meta('uploadDate'))
            ))

        # In the case we cannot get the timestamp:
        # The upload date for scheduled, live and past live streams / premieres in microformats
        # may be different from the stream date. Although not in UTC, we will prefer it in this case.
        # See: https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/pull/2223#issuecomment-1008485139
        if not upload_date or (not timestamp and live_status in ('not_live', None)):
            # this should be in UTC, as configured in the cookie/client context
            upload_date = strftime_or_none(
                self._parse_time_text(self._get_text(vpir, 'dateText'))) or upload_date

        info['upload_date'] = upload_date
        info['timestamp'] = timestamp

        if upload_date and live_status not in ('is_live', 'post_live', 'is_upcoming'):
            # Newly uploaded videos' HLS formats are potentially problematic and need to be checked
            upload_datetime = datetime_from_str(upload_date).replace(tzinfo=dt.timezone.utc)
            if upload_datetime >= datetime_from_str('today-2days'):
                for fmt in info['formats']:
                    if fmt.get('protocol') == 'm3u8_native':
                        fmt['__needs_testing'] = True

        for s_k, d_k in [('artists', 'creators'), ('track', 'alt_title')]:
            v = info.get(s_k)
            if v:
                info[d_k] = v

        badges = self._extract_badges(traverse_obj(vpir, 'badges'))

        is_private = (self._has_badge(badges, BadgeType.AVAILABILITY_PRIVATE)
                      or get_first(video_details, 'isPrivate', expected_type=bool))

        info['availability'] = (
            'public' if self._has_badge(badges, BadgeType.AVAILABILITY_PUBLIC)
            else self._availability(
                is_private=is_private,
                needs_premium=(
                    self._has_badge(badges, BadgeType.AVAILABILITY_PREMIUM)
                    or False if initial_data and is_private is not None else None),
                needs_subscription=(
                    self._has_badge(badges, BadgeType.AVAILABILITY_SUBSCRIPTION)
                    or False if initial_data and is_private is not None else None),
                needs_auth=info['age_limit'] >= 18,
                is_unlisted=None if is_private is None else (
                    self._has_badge(badges, BadgeType.AVAILABILITY_UNLISTED)
                    or get_first(microformats, 'isUnlisted', expected_type=bool))))

        info['__post_extractor'] = self.extract_comments(webpage_ytcfg, video_id, contents, webpage)

        self.mark_watched(video_id, player_responses)

        return info
